Denburg J A
McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Can Respir J. 1998 Jul-Aug;5 Suppl A:41A-4A.
Accumulation of basophils and mast cells in airway tissues during allergic and allergic-type inflammatory responses, including asthma, is one of the hallmarks of these disease processes. Contributing mechanisms include induction of differentiation of the cell lineages, including production of differentiation-specific cytokines for these lineages within the tissues; enhanced survival of the cells during inflammation within the airways; attraction to tissue factors such as extracellular matrix proteins (fibronectin and vitronectin) in inflammation; and heterogeneity of the cells and their products during both early- and late-phase responses within the inflamed airways. Whether the mast cell and basophil can be simplistically assigned a role for early- and late-phase responses, respectively, and whether the cells are both necessary and sufficient for the ongoing asthmatic response, including the development of bronchial hyper-responsiveness, remain to be studied. The relative contributions of basophils, mast cells, eosinophils and T cells to the inflammatory process and production of proinflammatory and hemopoietic cytokines within inflamed airway tissues remain subjects of active investigation.
在包括哮喘在内的过敏性和过敏性炎症反应过程中，气道组织中嗜碱性粒细胞和肥大细胞的积聚是这些疾病进程的标志之一。促成机制包括诱导细胞谱系分化，包括在组织内产生这些谱系的分化特异性细胞因子；在气道炎症期间增强细胞的存活；在炎症中被组织因子如细胞外基质蛋白（纤连蛋白和玻连蛋白）吸引；以及在炎症气道的早期和晚期反应中细胞及其产物的异质性。肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞是否可以分别简单地归因于早期和晚期反应的作用，以及这些细胞对于持续的哮喘反应（包括支气管高反应性的发展）是否既必要又充分，仍有待研究。嗜碱性粒细胞、肥大细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和T细胞对炎症气道组织内炎症过程以及促炎细胞因子和造血细胞因子产生的相对贡献仍是积极研究的课题。
