Shoaf K I, Sareen H R, Nguyen L H, Bourque L B
UCLA, USA.
Disasters. 1998 Sep;22(3):218-35. doi: 10.1111/1467-7717.00088.
The devastating effects of earthquakes have been demonstrated repeatedly in the past decade, through moderate and major earthquakes such as the October 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake (5.9 on the Richter scale), the October 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake (7.1) and the January 1994 Northridge earthquake (6.7). While 'official' tallies of injuries and deaths are reported for each event, the numbers vary from report to report. For Northridge, the number of injuries vary between 8,000 and 12,000; the number of deaths from 33 to 73 (Peek-Asa et al., 1997; Durkin, 1996). While official estimates are commonly reported following disasters, the study of actual numbers, types and causes of casualties has not developed. In this paper, we identify the numbers and risk factors for injuries within community-based samples across three earthquakes in urban California. We first report the numbers and types of injuries in each earthquake and then identify risk factors specifically associated with the Northridge earthquake.
在过去十年间，地震的毁灭性影响已多次显现，比如1987年10月的惠蒂尔窄谷地震（里氏5.9级）、1989年10月的洛马普列塔地震（7.1级）以及1994年1月的北岭地震（6.7级）等中度和重大地震。虽然每次地震都会公布伤亡情况的“官方”统计数据，但不同报告中的数字却不尽相同。以北岭地震为例，受伤人数在8000至12000人之间；死亡人数在33至73人之间（皮克 - 阿萨等人，1997年；德金，1996年）。尽管灾害发生后通常会公布官方估计数据，但对于实际伤亡人数、类型和原因的研究却尚未开展。在本文中，我们确定了加利福尼亚州城市地区三次地震中基于社区样本的受伤人数及风险因素。我们首先报告每次地震中的受伤人数和类型，然后确定与北岭地震特别相关的风险因素。
