Luoma P
Regional Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu, Finland.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 1998 Jul;57(2-3):109-13.
Recent studies have identified several factors which may affect human health and life expectancy in northern Finland. They have shown that antioxidants, infections, genetic or environmental factors may affect the development of and morbidity/mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes mellitus and other diseases in the northern provinces of this country. Both the occurrence and mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) is low in the northernmost part of the country, i.e. Mountain Lapland or the Saami area, compared with that in whole country or a neighbouring region to the south in central Lapland. The mortality from all diseases is also low in communities in Mountain Lapland, and high in central Lapland in communities such as Kittilä and Kolari. High scrum antioxidants, alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), albumin and selenium levels have been measured in men living in the northernmost part of the country, where the death rate from CHD is low. Low serum alpha-tocopherol and albumin levels were typical of men living in rural communities with high CHD mortality, e.g. Kittilä community. Serum antioxidant levels were related to the diet; alpha-tocopherol increased with the consumption of reindeer meat and selenium with fish consumption. Our earlier studies have also identified a low Chlamydia pneumoniae IgA antibody titer in men living in Mountain Lapland compared with men in the neighboring region to the south in central Lapland with high CHD mortality. An elevated Chlamydia pneumoniae IgA antibody titer was associated with low serum alpha-tocopherol level. The people of Saami origin, an ethnic minority living in northernmost Finland, have a high apolipoprotein (apo) E e4 allele frequency and high serum cholesterol. They also have more apo A-IV-2 allele than most of the studied populations, and their HDL cholesterol levels are higher in apo A-IV-2/1 than in apo A-IV-1/1 phenotypes. Our earlier studies indicate that people living in northeastern Finland, west of smelters in Kola Peninsula may be exposed to heavy metals such as cadmium and mercury. Blood cadmium was related to blood pressure and high in men with arterial hypertensive disease. The investigations presented in this article form a good basis for further studies that clarify underlying reasons the health problems in the north.
最近的研究已经确定了几个可能影响芬兰北部人类健康和预期寿命的因素。这些研究表明，抗氧化剂、感染、遗传或环境因素可能会影响该国北部省份心血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病和其他疾病的发生及发病率/死亡率。与全国或南部邻近的拉普兰中部地区相比，该国最北部地区，即山区拉普兰或萨米地区的冠心病（CHD）发病率和死亡率较低。山区拉普兰社区的所有疾病死亡率也较低，而在基蒂拉和科拉里等社区所在的拉普兰中部地区则较高。在该国最北部地区生活的男性中，已检测到较高的血清抗氧化剂、α-生育酚（维生素E）、白蛋白和硒水平，该地区冠心病死亡率较低。血清α-生育酚和白蛋白水平较低是生活在冠心病死亡率较高的农村社区男性的典型特征，例如基蒂拉社区。血清抗氧化剂水平与饮食有关；α-生育酚随着驯鹿肉的摄入量增加而增加，硒随着鱼类摄入量增加而增加。我们早期的研究还发现，与冠心病死亡率较高的南部邻近地区（拉普兰中部）的男性相比，生活在山区拉普兰的男性肺炎衣原体IgA抗体滴度较低。肺炎衣原体IgA抗体滴度升高与血清α-生育酚水平较低有关。萨米族是生活在芬兰最北部的少数民族，他们的载脂蛋白（apo）E e4等位基因频率较高，血清胆固醇水平也较高。他们的apo A-IV-2等位基因也比大多数研究人群更多，并且他们的apo A-IV-2/1表型的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平高于apo A-IV-1/1表型。我们早期的研究表明，生活在芬兰东北部、科拉半岛冶炼厂以西的人们可能接触到镉和汞等重金属。血镉与血压有关，在患有动脉高血压疾病的男性中血镉水平较高。本文所呈现的调查结果为进一步研究阐明北部健康问题的潜在原因奠定了良好基础。
