Mussalo-Rauhamaa H, Kantola M, Seppänen K, Soininen L, Koivusalo M
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Arctic Med Res. 1996 Apr;55(2):83-91.
The heavy industry on the Murmansk region in Russia is releasing huge amounts of waste into the air, including heavy metals and sulphur compounds. To investigate the temporal trend in exposure to certain heavy metals among the inhabitants of north-eastern Finland, a pilot study was carried out involving serum and hair samples from group of 11 persons monitored in Ivalo in 1982 and 1991. A further 6 persons residing near the Russian border in Nellim and 10 adults and 2 children residing in the Sevettijärvi-Näätämö area also participated in 1991. In addition, serum and hair samples were also obtained from controls residing in the Helsinki area. Total mercury content, determined by flow injection analysis and the amalgam system, pointed to a decrease in concentrations in the hair of inhabitants of Ivalo, whereas mercury concentrations were found to be higher in those residing near the Russian border. The mercury concentrations in the hair of northern inhabitants were about 4 times greater than those in the hair of the people from southern Finland on average. No trend towards an increase or decrease was found in copper and zinc concentrations in hair and serum as determined by atomic absorption spectrometry in employing the flame technique. Selenium has been thought to act as an antagonist to the heavy metal mercury. The addition of selenium to fertilisers began in Finland in 1984, but such fertilisers have not been used widely in Lapland. Selenium concentrations, determined by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry, showed an increase with time in the inhabitants of northern Finland. Selenium concentrations were higher in the residents of Lapland than in the southern Finns, but this difference occurred after the addition of selenium to fertilisers has begun to be less common.
俄罗斯摩尔曼斯克地区的重工业正在向空气中排放大量废物，包括重金属和硫化合物。为了调查芬兰东北部居民接触某些重金属的时间趋势，开展了一项试点研究，涉及1982年和1991年在伊瓦洛监测的11人组的血清和头发样本。1991年，另外6名居住在俄罗斯边境附近内利姆的人和10名成年人以及2名居住在塞韦蒂耶尔维-纳埃塔莫地区的儿童也参与了研究。此外，还从居住在赫尔辛基地区的对照组获取了血清和头发样本。通过流动注射分析和汞齐系统测定的总汞含量表明，伊瓦洛居民头发中的汞浓度有所下降，而在俄罗斯边境附近居住的人汞浓度较高。北部居民头发中的汞浓度平均约为芬兰南部居民头发中汞浓度的4倍。采用火焰技术通过原子吸收光谱法测定，头发和血清中的铜和锌浓度未发现上升或下降趋势。硒被认为是重金属汞的拮抗剂。芬兰于1984年开始在肥料中添加硒，但这种肥料在拉普兰并未广泛使用。通过无火焰原子吸收光谱法测定的硒浓度显示，芬兰北部居民的硒浓度随时间增加。拉普兰居民的硒浓度高于芬兰南部居民，但这种差异在肥料中添加硒开始不那么普遍之后才出现。
