Burnham B R, Wells T S, Riddle J R
Department of Biology, U.S. Air Force Academy, CO 80840-6226, USA.
Mil Med. 1998 Sep;163(9):631-4.
The United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) is one of the nation's military universities, with the mission to educate and motivate cadets to be career Air Force officers. This diverse population arrives at the USAFA with varying immunization records and disease histories. A review of USAFA cadet medical records identified an alarming cost of treating a simple, preventable, generally childhood disease: chickenpox. In July 1995, a cost-benefit analysis was performed on the use of varicella vaccine among cadets and preparatory school students at the USAFA. Based on this analysis, the USAFA implemented a strategy of serologic screening and vaccination. Although this study does not establish causation, follow-up data showed a dramatic decrease in cases, associated hospitalizations, and therefore costs during the first year after implementation. Fiscal projections indicate that these costs savings should increase through year 4 of the program and continue thereafter. At year 4, the total cadet population will have been serologically screened and/or vaccinated against chickenpox.
美国空军学院（USAFA）是美国的军事院校之一，其使命是教育和激励学员成为职业空军军官。这群背景各异的学员进入美国空军学院时，有着不同的免疫记录和疾病史。对美国空军学院学员病历的审查发现，治疗一种简单的、可预防的、通常在儿童期出现的疾病——水痘，成本高得惊人。1995年7月，针对美国空军学院学员和预科学校学生使用水痘疫苗进行了成本效益分析。基于这一分析，美国空军学院实施了血清学筛查和疫苗接种策略。尽管这项研究并未确立因果关系，但后续数据显示，实施该策略后的第一年，病例、相关住院人数以及成本都大幅下降。财政预测表明，这些成本节约在该计划的第4年应会增加，并在之后持续。到第4年，全体学员都将接受水痘血清学筛查和/或接种疫苗。
