Page A C, Martin N G
Department of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.
Am J Med Genet. 1998 Sep 7;81(5):377-84.
Multivariate genetic analyses were used to examine the genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in fears of blood, injury, and injections in 659 twin pairs who completed questions concerning fear and fainting around blood, injury, and injections, and fainting in situations not involving blood, as well as the personality scales of Neuroticism, and Harm Avoidance. There was significant familial aggregation of blood fears but univariate analyses were unable to distinguish between additive genetic or shared environmental variables, or both, as the cause. The same was true of blood fainting. Non-blood-injury fainting was best explained by a model assuming shared and unique environmental variables. However, multivariate genetic analyses, which capitalise on extra information contained by all the covariance terms, indicated that the variance in blood-injury-injection fear was principally attributable to unique environmental events specific to this fear and additive genetic factors shared with fainting. The data are discussed in the context of models of blood-injury phobia that identify the need to consider separate etiological mechanisms for fear and fainting.
采用多变量遗传分析方法，对659对双胞胎进行研究，以检验基因和环境因素对个体在害怕血液、受伤和注射方面差异的影响。这些双胞胎完成了关于害怕血液、受伤和注射时的恐惧及昏厥情况的问卷，以及不涉及血液情况下的昏厥情况问卷，同时还完成了神经质和回避伤害的人格量表。对血液恐惧存在显著的家族聚集性，但单变量分析无法区分是加性基因变量还是共享环境变量，或者两者皆是导致该现象的原因。血液昏厥情况也是如此。非血液损伤性昏厥用一个假设共享和独特环境变量的模型来解释最为合适。然而，利用所有协方差项中包含的额外信息进行的多变量遗传分析表明，血液-损伤-注射恐惧的方差主要归因于这种恐惧所特有的独特环境事件以及与昏厥共享的加性基因因素。在识别出血液-损伤恐惧症模型中需要考虑恐惧和昏厥的不同病因机制的背景下，对这些数据进行了讨论。
