Increased serum neuron specific enolase concentrations in patients with hyperglycemic cortical ischemic stroke.

A detrimental effect of hyperglycemia in ischemic brain has been demonstrated in laboratory experiments and it has been found that hyperglycemia in ischemic stroke is a predictor of poor outcome. We determined serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) concentrations in 41 consecutive patients with a cerebral hemispheric stroke between 12 and 24 h after stroke onset. In cortical ischemic strokes complicated by hyperglycemia (blood glucose concentration > 7 mmol/l) we found significantly higher NSE levels than in normoglycemic patients. In lacunar ischemic strokes NSE levels were not significantly different between normoglycemic and hyperglycemic patients. Our findings support the concept that hyperglycemia during acute cortical ischemic stroke is associated with enhanced neuronal cell death.