Worrall D, Elias L, Ashford D, Smallwood M, Sidebottom C, Lillford P, Telford J, Holt C, Bowles D
The Plant Laboratory, Biology Department, University of York, Post Office Box 373, York, YO1 5YW, UK.
Science. 1998 Oct 2;282(5386):115-7. doi: 10.1126/science.282.5386.115.
Many organisms adapted to live at subzero temperatures express antifreeze proteins that improve their tolerance to freezing. Although structurally diverse, all antifreeze proteins interact with ice surfaces, depress the freezing temperature of aqueous solutions, and inhibit ice crystal growth. A protein purified from carrot shares these functional features with antifreeze proteins of fish. Expression of the carrot complementary DNA in tobacco resulted in the accumulation of antifreeze activity in the apoplast of plants grown at greenhouse temperatures. The sequence of carrot antifreeze protein is similar to that of polygalacturonase inhibitor proteins and contains leucine-rich repeats.
许多适应在零下温度生存的生物会表达抗冻蛋白，这些抗冻蛋白能提高它们对结冰的耐受性。尽管抗冻蛋白在结构上多种多样，但它们都与冰表面相互作用，降低水溶液的冰点，并抑制冰晶生长。从胡萝卜中纯化出的一种蛋白质与鱼类的抗冻蛋白具有这些相同的功能特性。在烟草中表达胡萝卜互补DNA，导致在温室温度下生长的植物的质外体中积累了抗冻活性。胡萝卜抗冻蛋白的序列与多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抑制蛋白的序列相似，并且含有富含亮氨酸的重复序列。
