Valerio Monge C J
Med Law. 1998;17(2):197-210.
HIV and AIDS issues deal directly with Human Rights and Public Health. Four basic principles have been acknowledged internationally in connection with HIV/AIDS: Autonomy, confidentiality, right to health and non-discrimination. According to these principles, it is not possible to adopt illegal or unethical measures toward HIV- infected persons. However, these may rarely be necessary in the case of prisoners, taking into account the possibilities of unpredictable behavior, violence and use of drugs, which are common in prisons. The World Health Organization as well as the United Nations have established the possibility of taking measures, different from those outside the jail, that may be illegal but necessary in order to protect the human rights of inmates, the general prison population and the security of the penitentiary system. Therefore coercive measures such as isolation may be imposed upon an inmate infected by HIV when he or she deliberately may try to infect others. This paper examines different types of situations dealing with HIV/AIDS in prison and reviews the international recommendations and the way the Costa Rican legal and penitentiary system have adopted them in accordance with its legal system and national prison characteristics.
艾滋病毒和艾滋病问题直接涉及人权与公共卫生。国际上已认可与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关的四项基本原则：自主、保密、健康权和非歧视。根据这些原则，对艾滋病毒感染者采取非法或不道德措施是不可能的。然而，考虑到监狱中常见的不可预测行为、暴力和吸毒情况，对于囚犯而言，这些措施可能很少有必要。世界卫生组织以及联合国已确定，有可能采取不同于监狱外的措施，这些措施可能违法，但为保护囚犯、监狱普通人群的人权以及监狱系统的安全是必要的。因此，当感染艾滋病毒的囚犯故意试图感染他人时，可能会对其采取隔离等强制措施。本文探讨了监狱中处理艾滋病毒/艾滋病的不同类型情况，并审视了国际建议以及哥斯达黎加法律和监狱系统根据其法律制度和国家监狱特点采纳这些建议的方式。
