Erstad B L
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721-0207, USA.
Pharmacotherapy. 1998 Sep-Oct;18(5):1011-23.
Thromboembolic complications are frequent in patients with multiple trauma. The efficacy of unfractionated heparin for venous thrombosis prophylaxis has not been established. Based on limited prospective data, low-molecular-weight heparin appears to be more effective than unfractionated heparin and at least as effective as compression devices for preventing thromboembolic complications in these patients. Vena cava filters should be considered in high-risk patients who cannot receive anticoagulant therapy, but long-term filter use without concomitant anticoagulant therapy is associated with a substantial risk of recurrent thromboembolism.
血栓栓塞并发症在多发伤患者中很常见。普通肝素用于预防静脉血栓形成的疗效尚未得到证实。基于有限的前瞻性数据，低分子量肝素似乎比普通肝素更有效，并且在预防这些患者的血栓栓塞并发症方面至少与压迫装置一样有效。对于无法接受抗凝治疗的高危患者，应考虑使用腔静脉滤器，但长期使用滤器而不进行抗凝治疗会有较高的复发性血栓栓塞风险。
