Seroprevalence of Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs in a rural community of Honduras.

Several retrospective studies have shown that human Taenia solium cysticercosis is endemic in Honduras, but very few reports of porcine cysticercosis in rural communities have been published. To determine the local prevalence of this disease in pigs, a serological survey has been undertaken in a rural community, Salamá, in the Department of Olancho in central Honduras. Eighty-five families raising pigs in the community were randomly selected and sera were obtained from pigs older than one month of age. The sera were examined by the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay (EITB). Of 192 porcine sera, 27.1% (52) were positive by the EITB. Seropositivity did not correlate with age and sex by statistical analysis. With respect to the number and the frequency of recognition of the seven diagnostic glycoprotein bands in the EITB, 67.3% of the positive serum specimens recognized only one band and 80.8% of them recognized GP42-39. Since recognition of GP42-39 has been reported as a characteristic of late infection, these results suggest that most of the seropositive pigs were in the late stage of infection (more than 5-8 weeks postinfection). It seems that pigs in this community may be infected with this parasite soon after the birth and be in a hyperendemic steady state. In view of a high prevalence of antibodies to T. solium in pigs or characteristics of the antigen detected by the EITB, the infection pressure of T. solium appears to be very high in this community. This is probably the case in most of the communities in Honduras.