越南中高原社区猪带绦虫囊尾蚴病的流行病学。
The epidemiology of porcine Taenia solium cysticercosis in communities of the Central Highlands in Vietnam.
机构信息
Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
Faculty of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak, Vietnam.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2018 Jun 22;11(1):360. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-2945-y.
BACKGROUND
Taenia solium cysticercosis, recognized as a neglected tropical disease by the WHO, is distributed mostly in developing countries of Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Pigs and humans act as intermediate hosts, acquiring T. solium cysticerci (larval stage) in their tissue, through the ingestion of T. solium eggs shed in the faeces of humans infected with adult tapeworms. The disease has a negative impact on rural economies due to losses in productivity arising from human disease, pork carcass condemnations and loss of market access. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of T. solium cysticercosis in pigs in Dak Lak Province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam and to identify household level characteristics associated with T. solium porcine cysticercosis.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study of household pigs in three districts of Dak Lak Province. A total of 408 households in six villages in three districts were visited between June and October 2015. A questionnaire was administered to the head of each household, and within each household, serum samples were collected from three pigs. Serum samples were analyzed using the recombinant T24H antigen in enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay and lentil lectin purified glycoprotein in EITB assay. A Bayesian, mixed-effects logistic regression model was developed to identify management factors associated with the probability of a household having at least one cysticercosis-positive pig.
RESULTS
The prevalence of porcine T. solium cysticercosis in this study was low at 0.94 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51-1.68] cases per 100 pigs at risk, in agreement with other studies conducted throughout Vietnam. Scavenging of food and coprophagy were associated with T. solium cysticercosis [odds ratios 1.98 (95% CrI: 0.55-4.74) and 2.57 (95% CrI: 1.22-4.66), respectively].
CONCLUSIONS
This study proves that the seroprevalence of porcine cysticercosis in Dak Lak Province was as low as that of other studies conducted throughout Vietnam. Scavenging of food and coprophagy are modifiable factors, providing the opportunity to decrease the prevalence of porcine cysticercosis further in the province.
背景
世界卫生组织将猪带绦虫囊尾蚴病认定为一种被忽视的热带病，主要分布在拉丁美洲、撒哈拉以南非洲和亚洲的发展中国家。猪和人类是中间宿主，通过摄入感染有绦虫成虫的人类粪便中的绦虫虫卵，在其组织中获得猪带绦虫囊尾蚴（幼虫阶段）。该疾病对农村经济产生负面影响，原因是人类患病、猪肉胴体废弃和丧失市场准入导致生产力下降。本研究旨在估计越南中部高地得乐省猪带绦虫囊尾蚴病的流行率，并确定与猪带绦虫囊尾蚴病相关的家庭特征。
方法
这是一项在得乐省三个地区的家庭猪中进行的横断面研究。2015 年 6 月至 10 月期间，共访问了三个地区的 408 个家庭。每个家庭的户主都填写了一份问卷，并在每个家庭中采集了三头猪的血清样本。血清样本通过酶联免疫电转移印迹试验中的重组 T24H 抗原和 EITB 试验中的扁豆凝集素纯化糖蛋白进行分析。采用贝叶斯混合效应逻辑回归模型，确定与家庭至少有一头囊尾蚴阳性猪的概率相关的管理因素。
结果
本研究中猪带绦虫囊尾蚴病的流行率较低，为每 100 头风险猪中有 0.94 例（95%置信区间 [CI] 0.51-1.68），与越南其他地区进行的研究结果一致。食腐和食粪与猪带绦虫囊尾蚴病有关[比值比分别为 1.98（95% CrI：0.55-4.74）和 2.57（95% CrI：1.22-4.66）]。
结论
本研究证明，得乐省猪囊尾蚴病的血清流行率与越南其他地区进行的研究结果一样低。食腐和食粪是可改变的因素，为进一步降低该省猪囊尾蚴病的流行率提供了机会。
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