Yan J H, Thomas J R, Downing J H
Department of Exercise, Sport, and Health Studies, University of Texas at Arlington 76019-0259, USA.
Percept Mot Skills. 1998 Aug;87(1):67-82. doi: 10.2466/pms.1998.87.1.67.
This meta-analysis quantitatively summarized the developmental influence and the effects of locomotor experience as well as the benefits of locomotor practice, locomotor assistance, and active searching patterns on children's search performance. Based on specific criteria, a search of a database and reference lists identified 19 studies, including 1,029 children (510 boys and 519 girls) from 4 to 144 months of age. Outcome measures of spatial performance were converted to 83 effect sizes that reflected the effects of specific experimental characteristics. Analyses of variance indicated that with older children, locomotor activities are more important to their spatial searching. Locomotor status, searching patterns, locomotor assistance, test conditions, and test reliability were identified as moderator variables. In addition, locomotor training significantly improved children's spatial search. The results supported the hypothesis that children's development of spatial search skills is influenced by locomotor experience.
这项荟萃分析定量总结了运动经验的发展影响和效果，以及运动练习、运动辅助和主动搜索模式对儿童搜索表现的益处。根据特定标准，对数据库和参考文献列表进行检索后，确定了19项研究，包括1029名4至144个月大的儿童（510名男孩和519名女孩）。空间表现的结果测量指标被转换为83个效应量，以反映特定实验特征的影响。方差分析表明，对于年龄较大的儿童，运动活动对其空间搜索更为重要。运动状态、搜索模式、运动辅助、测试条件和测试可靠性被确定为调节变量。此外，运动训练显著提高了儿童的空间搜索能力。结果支持了儿童空间搜索技能的发展受运动经验影响这一假设。
