Cole D C, Carpio F, Julian J, Léon N
Institute for Work & Health, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1998 Sep 25;55(2):77-91. doi: 10.1080/009841098158520.
To explore the peripheral nervous system effects of regular agricultural pesticide use, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in highland Ecuador. Participants were 144 occupationally exposed farm members, 30 female farm members with little direct exposure, and 72 unexposed local town residents, frequency matched to the exposed people on age, sex, and education. Organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides and dithiocarbamate fungicides accounted for the majority of pesticide applications, with leaking backpack sprayers, minimal use of personal protective equipment, and frequent dermal contact being the norm. In polytomous logistic regression analyses, applicators had significantly greater odds for more current peripheral nerve symptoms (odds ratio OR = 3.1), signs of poor coordination (OR = 4.3), abnormal deep tendon reflexes (OR = 2.9), and reduced power (OR = 2.1) compared to controls. Mean toe vibration threshold scores, on a logarithmic scale, were significantly higher among applicators (beta = 0.035) and those reporting previous pesticide poisonings (beta = 0.074). Such indicators of peripheral nervous system effects may be due to a variety of factors, including high pesticide exposure conditions.
为探究长期使用农用杀虫剂对周围神经系统的影响，在厄瓜多尔高地开展了一项横断面调查。参与者包括144名职业性接触农药的农场成员、30名几乎没有直接接触的女性农场成员以及72名未接触农药的当地城镇居民，这些未接触者在年龄、性别和教育程度方面与接触者进行了频率匹配。有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂以及二硫代氨基甲酸盐类杀菌剂占农药使用的大部分，背负式喷雾器泄漏、个人防护装备使用极少以及频繁的皮肤接触是常见现象。在多分类逻辑回归分析中，与对照组相比，施药者出现更多当前周围神经症状（优势比OR = 3.1）、协调能力差的体征（OR = 4.3）、异常的深部腱反射（OR = 2.9）以及力量减弱（OR = 2.1）的几率显著更高。以对数尺度衡量，施药者以及报告曾有过农药中毒的人平均趾振动阈值得分显著更高（β = 0.035和β = 0.074）。周围神经系统影响的此类指标可能归因于多种因素，包括高农药接触情况。
