Stokes L, Stark A, Marshall E, Narang A
Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Occup Environ Med. 1995 Oct;52(10):648-53. doi: 10.1136/oem.52.10.648.
An epidemiological study of 90 male pesticide applicators licensed in New York was conducted to investigate the effect of exposure to organophosphate pesticides on the peripheral nervous system.
A cohort of farmers and pesticide applicators from New York State were questioned off season (November 1988-February 1989) and again during the spraying season (April 1989-August 1989) about the presence of several acute signs and symptoms. Short term exposure was validated by measuring the concentration of dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), a metabolite of guthion, in urine. Chronic signs of subtle peripheral nerve damage were determined by vibration threshold sensitivity of the farmers and applicators tested during November 1988-February 1989 and compared with controls drawn from the general population who were tested during the same time period the next year (November 1989-February 1990). Vibration threshold sensitivity was determined for both the hands and feet. Long term exposure to pesticides was determined by questionnaire.
Paired t tests show that mean vibration threshold scores were significantly higher for the dominant (P < 0.00) and non-dominant (P < 0.04) hands among pesticide applicators when compared with scores for population based controls individually matched on age, sex, and county of residence.
A significant increase in mean vibration threshold sensitivity for the dominant and non-dominant hand suggests previous organophosphate exposure among pesticide applicators was associated with a loss of peripheral nerve function.
对90名在纽约获得许可的男性农药施用者进行了一项流行病学研究，以调查接触有机磷农药对周围神经系统的影响。
在非喷洒季节（1988年11月至1989年2月）对一组来自纽约州的农民和农药施用者进行询问，并在喷洒季节（1989年4月至1989年8月）再次询问他们是否存在几种急性体征和症状。通过测量尿液中谷硫磷的代谢产物二甲基硫代磷酸酯（DMTP）的浓度来验证短期接触情况。通过测试1988年11月至1989年2月期间农民和施用者的振动阈值敏感性来确定周围神经轻微损伤的慢性体征，并与在次年同一时期（1989年11月至1990年2月）测试的来自普通人群的对照组进行比较。对手和脚都进行了振动阈值敏感性测定。通过问卷调查确定长期农药接触情况。
配对t检验表明，与按年龄、性别和居住县单独匹配的基于人群的对照组得分相比，农药施用者优势手（P < 0.00）和非优势手（P < 0.04）的平均振动阈值得分显著更高。
优势手和非优势手的平均振动阈值敏感性显著增加表明，农药施用者先前接触有机磷与周围神经功能丧失有关。
