Nykänen R, Espeland L, Kvaal S I, Krogstad O
Department of Orthodontics, University of Oslo, Blindern, Norway.
Acta Odontol Scand. 1998 Aug;56(4):238-44. doi: 10.1080/00016359850142862.
Dental age was studied in a sample of 261 Norwegian children by using the maturity standards of Demirjian & Goldstein (1976) to examine the applicability of these standards as a reference for overall dental maturity in a Norwegian population. The sample comprised 128 boys and 133 girls included in 'the Oslo Growth Material', from whom orthopantomograms (total, 783) had been longitudinally obtained, with intervals of about 3 years and covering 3 age spans (5.5-6.5 years, 8.5-9.5 years, and 11.5-12.5 years), each divided into 3 half-year age groups. Reliability was analyzed by repeated assessments of 134 of the radiographs, and the overall mean difference between duplicate dental age determinations was 0.5 months for intra- and 1.8 months for inter-examiner comparisons. The Norwegian children were generally somewhat advanced in dental maturity compared with the French-Canadian reference sample. Among the boys the mean difference between dental age and chronologic age varied in the different age groups from 1.5 to 4.0 months. Among the girls the difference increased with age, varying from 0 to 3.5 months in the younger age groups (5.5 to 9.0 years) and from 4.5 to 7.5 months in the age groups 9.5 years and above. The variability in individual dental age was marked and increased with age. For the older age groups 95% of the individual age estimates were within +/-2 years of the real age. The applied standards appear to be adequate for studying dental age in groups of children from a Norwegian population. Given the considerable individual variation in dental maturity, estimation of chronologic age in individual children should be supplemented by other indicators of biologic maturity.
通过使用德米尔坚和戈尔茨坦（1976年）的成熟度标准，对261名挪威儿童的样本进行了牙龄研究，以检验这些标准作为挪威人群整体牙齿成熟度参考的适用性。该样本包括“奥斯陆生长材料”中的128名男孩和133名女孩，从中纵向获取了全景X光片（共783张），间隔约3年，涵盖3个年龄跨度（5.5 - 6.5岁、8.5 - 9.5岁和11.5 - 12.5岁），每个跨度又分为3个半年年龄组。通过对134张X光片进行重复评估来分析可靠性，重复测定牙龄的总体平均差异在同一检查者之间为0.5个月，在不同检查者之间为1.8个月。与法裔加拿大参考样本相比，挪威儿童的牙齿成熟度总体上有所提前。在男孩中，不同年龄组的牙龄与实际年龄之间的平均差异在1.5至4.0个月之间。在女孩中，差异随年龄增加，在较年轻年龄组（5.5至9.0岁）中为0至3.5个月，在9.5岁及以上年龄组中为4.5至7.5个月。个体牙龄的变异性明显且随年龄增加。对于较大年龄组，95%的个体年龄估计值在实际年龄的±2年范围内。所应用的标准似乎足以用于研究挪威儿童群体的牙龄。鉴于牙齿成熟度存在相当大的个体差异，个体儿童实际年龄的估计应辅以其他生物成熟度指标。
