Thurber C A, Sigman M D
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
Child Dev. 1998 Aug;69(4):903-34.
Empirical research and conventional wisdom have suggested numerous risk and protective factors for the development of homesickness. Yet no study has integrated predictors and sequelae of homesickness into a testable statistical model. As a first step in developing a pathogenic model of homesickness in children, this study measured, factor analyzed, and modeled 14 predictors and 8 sequelae of homesickness. Using a sample of 293 boys, ages 8-16, spending 2 weeks at an overnight summer camp, this study tested 2 alternate models, focusing on the roles of boys' interpersonal attitudes, perceived control, and separation expectations in the subsequent development of homesickness. Results indicated that interpersonal attitudes and perceived control may predict boys' preseparation beliefs about whether they will become homesick. This "homesick disposition" combines with little prior separation experience to account for 69% of the variance in self-reported homesickness. Homesickness was not a powerful predictor of negative emotion, whereas interpersonal attitudes and perceived control predicted 70% of the variance in negative emotion. Results are discussed in the context of contemporary theories of homesickness.
实证研究和传统观点提出了许多与思乡之情产生相关的风险因素和保护因素。然而，尚无研究将思乡之情的预测因素和后果整合到一个可检验的统计模型中。作为建立儿童思乡病致病模型的第一步，本研究对14个思乡之情的预测因素和8个后果进行了测量、因素分析和建模。本研究以293名年龄在8至16岁之间、在过夜夏令营度过两周的男孩为样本，测试了2种替代模型，重点关注男孩的人际态度、感知控制和分离预期在随后思乡之情发展中的作用。结果表明，人际态度和感知控制可能预测男孩在分离前对于是否会想家的信念。这种“思乡倾向”与极少的先前分离经历相结合，解释了自我报告的思乡之情中69%的方差。思乡之情并非负面情绪的有力预测因素，而人际态度和感知控制则预测了负面情绪中70%的方差。研究结果将在当代思乡病理论的背景下进行讨论。
