Corsini E, Primavera A, Marinovich M, Galli C L
Center for Cosmetic Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Italy.
Toxicology. 1998 Aug 21;129(2-3):193-200. doi: 10.1016/s0300-483x(98)00088-2.
Cytokines may be useful tools to discriminate between irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. In the mouse only, it has been demonstrated by other, that contact sensitizers up-regulated keratinocytes-derived interleukin-1alpha (IL-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and interferon induced protein 10 mRNAs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility to use in vitro IL-1 production by a murine keratinocyte cell line for preliminary screening of chemicals for their irritant and/or allergic potential. We investigated the effects of five relevant skin allergens (dinitrochlorobenzene, oxazolone, nickel sulfate, penicillin G and eugenol), two skin irritants (benzalkonium chloride, and methylsalicilate) and two compounds with no sensitizing activity (glycerol and ethanol) on IL-1 production in HEL30 cells. Twenty four hours following treatment, both IL-1 release in conditioned media and cell-associated IL-1 were measured by a specific sandwich ELISA. Under our experimental conditions, only contact sensitizers were able to increase in a dose dependent fashion cell-associated IL-1, confirming the in vivo findings. Both skin irritants and allergens induced the release of IL-1, because of the irritative properties of both chemicals, while ethanol and glycerol failed to induce changes in IL-1 production, confirming the specificity of the proposed test. Taken together, these data indicate that it may be realistic to consider potential skin allergens those chemicals which are able to increase cell-associated IL-1, to consider skin irritants those chemicals which induce only IL-1 release, and to exclude as potential allergens or irritants those chemicals which fail to induce changes in IL-1 production.
细胞因子可能是区分刺激性接触性皮炎和过敏性接触性皮炎的有用工具。仅在小鼠中，其他研究已证明接触性致敏剂可上调角质形成细胞衍生的白细胞介素-1α（IL-1）、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-2和干扰素诱导蛋白10的mRNA。本研究的目的是探讨利用小鼠角质形成细胞系体外产生IL-1来初步筛选化学物质的刺激和/或过敏潜力的可能性。我们研究了五种相关皮肤过敏原（二硝基氯苯、恶唑酮、硫酸镍、青霉素G和丁香酚）、两种皮肤刺激物（苯扎氯铵和水杨酸甲酯）以及两种无致敏活性的化合物（甘油和乙醇）对HEL30细胞中IL-1产生的影响。处理24小时后，通过特异性夹心ELISA检测条件培养基中的IL-1释放和细胞相关IL-1。在我们的实验条件下，只有接触性致敏剂能够以剂量依赖性方式增加细胞相关IL-1，证实了体内研究结果。由于两种化学物质都具有刺激性，皮肤刺激物和过敏原均诱导了IL-1的释放，而乙醇和甘油未能诱导IL-1产生的变化，证实了所提出测试的特异性。综上所述，这些数据表明，将能够增加细胞相关IL-1的化学物质视为潜在皮肤过敏原、将仅诱导IL-1释放的化学物质视为皮肤刺激物、将未能诱导IL-1产生变化的化学物质排除为潜在过敏原或刺激物可能是合理的。
