[The concurrent implantation of a last-generation automatic defibrillator and a 2-chamber pacemaker].

BACKGROUND

Potentially lethal interactions between concomitantly implanted pacemaker and automatic first-generation cardioverter-defibrillator have been reported. We therefore evaluated the reliability and safety of simultaneous implantation of dual-chamber pacemakers with a fourth generation cardioverter-defibrillator incorporating an improved arrhythmia detection system.

METHODS

Concomitant implantation of an automatic cardioverter defibrillator and a dual-chamber pacemaker was performed in four patients for malignant tachyarrhythmias and symptomatic bradycardia. Two Jewel 7219C and two Micro Jewel 7223 (Medtronic Inc.) implantable cardioverter defibrillators were connected to an endocardial lead (Medtronic Mod. 6936). In 2 patients with a previously implanted cardioverter-defibrillator, the pacemaker was connected to bipolar atrial and ventricular leads. In the 2 patients who already had a dual-chamber pacemaker, the unipolar pacing leads implanted previously were used. At the time of implantation of the second device, interaction testing was performed evaluating ventricular fibrillation detection during high-output asynchronous pacing. Testing for malfunctions, reprogramming or variations of pacing thresholds of the pacemakers after electric shocks was also carried out. Moreover, intracavitary signals, stimulation thresholds and electrical therapies delivered were evaluated during follow-up.

RESULTS

During interaction testing, induced ventricular fibrillation was detected, with no delay, in 4/4 cases (100%). After a mean follow-up of 6.3 +/- 5 months (range 2-13), 5 shocks for ventricular fibrillation, 10 shocks for fast ventricular tachycardia and 72 antitachycardia pacings were delivered. All these electrical therapies were considered appropriate. No symptomatic sustained tachyarrhythmia remained undetected.

CONCLUSIONS

These data suggest that concomitant implantation of a fourth-generation automatic cardioverter-defibrillator and a dual-chamber pacemaker using either unipolar or bipolar leads can be performed safely. Extreme caution and rigorous interactions testing is nevertheless advised when considering this device combination.