Frankignoulle M, Abril G, Borges A, Bourge I, Canon C, Delille B, Libert E, Theate JM
Universite de Liege, Mecanique des Fluides Geophysiques, Unite d'Oceanographie Chimique, Institut de Physique (B5), B4000 Liege, Belgium.
Science. 1998 Oct 16;282(5388):434-6. doi: 10.1126/science.282.5388.434.
The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in surface waters and related atmospheric exchanges were measured in nine European estuaries. Averaged fluxes over the entire estuaries are usually in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mole of CO2 per square meter per day. For wide estuaries, net daily fluxes to the atmosphere amount to several hundred tons of carbon (up to 790 tons of carbon per day in the Scheldt estuary). European estuaries emit between 30 and 60 million tons of carbon per year to the atmosphere, representing 5 to 10% of present anthropogenic CO2 emissions for Western Europe.
对欧洲九个河口的表层水中二氧化碳的分压（pCO2）及相关的大气交换进行了测量。整个河口的平均通量通常在每天每平方米0.1至0.5摩尔二氧化碳的范围内。对于宽阔的河口，每日向大气的净通量可达数百吨碳（斯海尔德河河口每天高达790吨碳）。欧洲河口每年向大气排放3000万至6000万吨碳，占西欧目前人为二氧化碳排放量的5%至10%。
