Johnson S P, Aslin R N
Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843, USA.
Perception. 1998;27(3):341-53. doi: 10.1068/p270341.
Ninety-six 4-month-old infants were habituated to one of three computer-generated displays depicting two rod parts above and below an occluding box. In the first display, the surfaces and boundaries of the rod and box were specified by dense surface texture. Their depth segregation was specified by accretion and deletion of background texture and motion shear. In the second display, the unity of the rod parts and box, and their depth segregation, were specified only by illusory contours. In the third display, the boundaries of the rod and box were specified by illusory contours, perceptible only via spatiotemporal integration of accretion and deletion of sparse-background-texture elements. Infants appeared to perceive object unity, and segregate the rod and box surfaces, in all three displays, indicating use of illusory contours to perceive bounded surfaces in depth. The results suggest a cognitive contribution to perception of some illusory contours, abilities which seem to be present by at least 4 months of age.
96名4个月大的婴儿对三种计算机生成的显示中的一种形成了习惯，这些显示描绘了一个遮挡盒上方和下方的两个杆状部分。在第一个显示中，杆和盒的表面及边界由密集的表面纹理指定。它们的深度分离由背景纹理的增减和运动剪切指定。在第二个显示中，杆状部分和盒的整体性及其深度分离仅由虚幻轮廓指定。在第三个显示中，杆和盒的边界由虚幻轮廓指定，这些轮廓只能通过稀疏背景纹理元素增减的时空整合来感知。在所有三种显示中，婴儿似乎都能感知物体的整体性，并区分杆和盒的表面，这表明他们利用虚幻轮廓来感知深度上有边界的表面。结果表明，认知对某些虚幻轮廓的感知有贡献，这些能力似乎至少在4个月大时就已存在。
