Kuuppelomäki M, Lauri S
Seinäjoki Polytechnic, Institute of Health Care, Seinäjoki, Finland.
Cancer Nurs. 1998 Oct;21(5):364-9. doi: 10.1097/00002820-199810000-00008.
This study describes the nature and content of experiences of suffering by patients with incurable cancer. The main body of data was collected in interviews. A structured questionnaire was administered for additional information. Three different dimensions were identified in patient experiences of suffering: physical, psychologic, and social. Suffering has a physical foundation, which was divided into two categories: that caused by the illness itself and that caused by treatment of the illness. The primary sources of physical suffering were fatigue, pain, and the side effects of chemotherapy. The causes of psychologic suffering lie in the physiologic changes associated with the disease and in the imminence of death. Psychologic suffering was most typically manifested in depression, which most of the patients suffered during the initial stages of the disease, when the disease metastasized, and when they were in a particularly poor condition. General deterioration and fear of infections very much restrict the social life of cancer patients, causing them to withdraw into their home or the hospital.
本研究描述了不治之症癌症患者的痛苦经历的性质和内容。主要数据通过访谈收集。采用结构化问卷获取更多信息。在患者的痛苦经历中确定了三个不同维度：身体、心理和社会。痛苦有身体基础，分为两类：由疾病本身引起的和由疾病治疗引起的。身体痛苦的主要来源是疲劳、疼痛和化疗副作用。心理痛苦的原因在于与疾病相关的生理变化以及死亡的临近。心理痛苦最典型的表现是抑郁，大多数患者在疾病初期、疾病转移以及身体状况特别差时都会遭受抑郁。身体普遍衰弱和对感染的恐惧极大地限制了癌症患者的社交生活，导致他们躲在家里或医院。
