Takken W, Klowden M J, Chambers G M
Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands.
J Med Entomol. 1998 Sep;35(5):639-45. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/35.5.639.
The survival, metabolic reserves, and host-seeking response of unfed Anopheles gambiae Giles sensu stricto females of different size classes were investigated from 1 to 6 d after emergence. In addition, the effect of blood meal size and frequency of feeding on the accumulation of metabolic reserves and reproductive development were investigated during the 1st gonotrophic cycle. Large females survived longer and contained significantly more protein, glycogen, and lipid at emergence than did small females. Over 6 d, the host-seeking response of large mosquitoes was greater than that of small ones. There was no gonotrophic development in unfed small females after emergence, whereas < or = 52% of large females developed oocytes to Christophers stage II. One blood meal, given by enema, resulted in gonotrophic development to stage II in small females, whereas only large females matured oocytes to Christophers stage V. In both large and small females, egg development was related to the size of the blood meal, but large females were better able to utilize the meals. Two successive blood meals enhanced the ability of small females to develop eggs. The pregravid condition commonly observed in An. gambiae appears to be determined by insufficient metabolic reserves at emergence, and the probability for small individuals to be pregravid is greater than for large mosquitoes because of the need to build up sufficient energy reserves before gonotrophic development can occur. The consequence of this behavior in relation to malaria transmission is discussed.
在冈比亚按蚊（Giles狭义）羽化后1至6天，对不同大小等级的未进食雌蚊的存活情况、代谢储备和宿主寻找反应进行了研究。此外，还研究了在第一个生殖营养周期中血餐大小和进食频率对代谢储备积累和生殖发育的影响。大型雌蚊比小型雌蚊存活时间更长，羽化时所含蛋白质、糖原和脂质显著更多。在6天时间里，大型蚊子的宿主寻找反应比小型蚊子更强。羽化后未进食的小型雌蚊没有生殖营养发育，而≤52%的大型雌蚊将卵母细胞发育到克里斯托弗斯II期。通过灌肠给予一次血餐，可使小型雌蚊的生殖营养发育到II期，而只有大型雌蚊能将卵母细胞成熟到克里斯托弗斯V期。在大型和小型雌蚊中，卵的发育都与血餐大小有关，但大型雌蚊更能利用血餐。连续两次血餐增强了小型雌蚊发育卵的能力。冈比亚按蚊中常见的孕前期状况似乎取决于羽化时代谢储备不足，由于在生殖营养发育发生之前需要积累足够的能量储备，小型个体处于孕前期的可能性大于大型蚊子。讨论了这种行为与疟疾传播相关的后果。
