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[寻找失落之地。通过精神病人的生活史为其提供帮助成为可能]

[The search for lost places. Help for the mental patient made possible through his life history].

作者信息

de Humerez D C

机构信息

Enfermagem Psiquiátrica Dep. Enf. UNIFESP.

出版信息

Rev Bras Enferm. 1997 Apr-Jun;50(2):215-28. doi: 10.1590/s0034-71671997000200007.

Abstract

This study aims at knowing mental patients life history by freeing their hopes, projects and possibilities either indoors or away from the psychiatric institution and based on the people knowledge of life, pondering over assistance to mental patients. By reading speeches reports, we have been revealed their quality of life BEFORE, DURING and AFTER the maddening process, considering that for AFTER, the reports presented another meaning, even when the place was materially the same place of before becoming ill. Due to the lack of choice and of meaning, they succeeded in living looking backwards to the past, which, in most cases, was also plenty of difficulties; however they had the essential: the role they played was socially accepted, they shared the social group and anticipated the time-to-come. The subject of this study exposed the use of astuteness and smartness to dribble the rules to which they are submitted. They reinvindicate the liberation of the identity, the relational, they wish to share life with the others and participate in the administration of their destiny, somehow. They also state that the non-place, is not only the psychiatric hospital but also the existing culture of mad-houses in the families, out-patient units, daily hospitals and hospital psychiatric wards. Undoing the mad-house, it will be necessary to revise culture or mental mad-house, in other words, to free our minds from rationality of jail. This is not only a process within Psychiatry; it crosses different dimensions: politics, law, social organizations, rules, disciplinary institutions, the collective imaginary.

摘要

本研究旨在通过释放精神病人的希望、规划和可能性,了解他们的生活史,无论是在室内还是远离精神病院,并基于人们的生活知识,思考对精神病人的援助。通过阅读演讲报告,我们揭示了他们在疯狂过程之前、期间和之后的生活质量,考虑到对于“之后”,即使地点在物质上与患病前相同,报告也呈现出另一种意义。由于缺乏选择和意义,他们成功地通过回顾过去来生活,而在大多数情况下,过去也充满了困难;然而他们拥有至关重要的东西:他们所扮演的角色被社会所接受,他们融入社会群体并展望未来。本研究的主题揭示了运用机智和聪慧来规避他们所服从的规则。他们要求解放身份、人际关系,他们希望与他人共享生活并以某种方式参与掌控自己的命运。他们还指出,非场所不仅是精神病院,还包括家庭、门诊部、日间医院和医院精神科病房中现有的疯人文化。要拆除疯人院,就有必要修订文化或精神疯人院,换句话说,要将我们的思想从监狱般的理性中解放出来。这不仅是精神病学内部的一个过程;它跨越不同维度:政治、法律、社会组织、规则、纪律机构、集体想象。

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