Walker M, Orrell M, Manela M, Livingston G, Katona C
St. Luke's Hospital, London, UK.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1998 Sep;13(9):617-24. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1166(199809)13:9<617::aid-gps833>3.0.co;2-3.
To compare the rates of mental health problems, disability and use of health and social services of older people living in sheltered accommodation with those of the rest of the community in the same age group.
Door-to-door survey in randomly selected enumeration districts. The districts contained three sheltered accommodation complexes. Residents from these addresses were compared with the others.
London Borough of Islington.
700 men and women aged 65 or over.
Short-CARE depression, dementia and activity scales; the Guy's/Age Concern anxiety scale; individual items detailing problems with mobility, vision and hearing; use of a number of health and social services.
The only difference in mental health variables on univariate analysis was a greater severity of cognitive impairment and dementia symptoms in sheltered accommodation. When demographic differences were taken into account, the association with cognitive impairment became statistically insignificant. There were significant associations between residence in sheltered accommodation and several of the disability variables. Increased use of health and social services by sheltered residents remained significant after disability and living alone were taken into account.
The residents of sheltered accommodation were more disabled than the general elderly population but, in contrast to those in residential care, did not have a great excess of mental health problems. Indeed, the possibility was raised that sheltered accommodation may protect against depression in people who live alone.
比较居住在庇护性住房中的老年人与同年龄组社区其他老年人的心理健康问题发生率、残疾情况以及健康和社会服务的使用情况。
在随机选取的普查区进行挨家挨户的调查。这些区域包含三个庇护性住房建筑群。将这些地址的居民与其他居民进行比较。
伦敦伊斯林顿区。
700名65岁及以上的男性和女性。
简易老年抑郁量表、痴呆量表和活动量表；盖伊/关注老龄焦虑量表；详细列出行动能力、视力和听力问题的单项指标；多种健康和社会服务的使用情况。
单变量分析中，心理健康变量的唯一差异是庇护性住房中的认知障碍和痴呆症状更为严重。考虑到人口统计学差异后，与认知障碍的关联在统计学上变得不显著。居住在庇护性住房与几个残疾变量之间存在显著关联。在考虑残疾和独居因素后，庇护性住房居民对健康和社会服务的使用增加仍然显著。
庇护性住房的居民比一般老年人群体残疾程度更高，但与住院护理的居民不同，他们没有过多的心理健康问题。实际上，有人提出庇护性住房可能对独居者预防抑郁有保护作用。
