Liccardi G, Russo M, D'Amato M, Granata F P, De Napoli A, D'Amato G
Division of Pneumology and Allergology, A. Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1998 Jul-Aug;8(4):245-8.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of allergic sensitization to cockroach allergens in a group of atopic patients living in the urban area of Naples. Four hundred and fourteen consecutive patients were submitted to the following diagnostic procedures: anamnestic data; clinical examination; and skin prick test by using a standardized pricker and allergenic extracts, one of which contained a mix of whole bodies of Blattella orientatis, Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana. The evaluation of cockroach serum specific IgE antibodies was carried out in the 19 patients (4.58%) who showed a positive skin prick test to cockroach allergens. The majority of cockroach sensitive individuals were males and exhibited perennial respiratory symptoms; 17 of these patients were also sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergens. The results of our study demonstrated that the prevalence of cockroach sensitization as determined by skin prick test in our urban area (Naples) is lower in comparison to other European studies. Up to now, it is not clear if the association between cockroach-D. pteronyssinus sensitization can be determined by a cross-reactivity between the allergens or by their coexistence in the same indoor environments. Considering the absence of a visual presence of cockroaches in the indoor environments of our cockroach-sensitive patients we suggest the possibility of unrecognized exposure to cockroach materials and, moreover, the possibility of the carrying of such allergens from infested places on clothing, as we demonstrated for Fel d I.
本研究的目的是评估居住在那不勒斯市区的一组特应性患者对蟑螂过敏原的过敏致敏率。414名连续就诊的患者接受了以下诊断程序：病史资料；临床检查；以及使用标准化刺针和变应原提取物进行皮肤点刺试验，其中一种提取物包含德国小蠊、东方蜚蠊和美洲大蠊的全体混合提取物。对19名（4.58%）对蟑螂过敏原皮肤点刺试验呈阳性的患者进行了蟑螂血清特异性IgE抗体评估。大多数对蟑螂敏感的个体为男性，并表现出常年性呼吸道症状；其中17名患者也对尘螨过敏原致敏。我们的研究结果表明，与其他欧洲研究相比，我们市区（那不勒斯）通过皮肤点刺试验确定的蟑螂致敏率较低。到目前为止，尚不清楚蟑螂与尘螨致敏之间的关联是由过敏原之间的交叉反应还是由它们在同一室内环境中的共存所决定。考虑到在我们对蟑螂敏感的患者的室内环境中没有明显可见的蟑螂，我们认为存在未被识别的接触蟑螂物质的可能性，此外，还存在这些过敏原通过衣物从蟑螂滋生地携带过来的可能性，正如我们对猫过敏原Fel d I所证明的那样。
