Honma S, Jun Y, Horiguchi M
Department of Anatomy, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Japan.
Kaibogaku Zasshi. 1998 Aug;73(4):329-35.
The superior and inferior gemellus muscles were examined as to their forms and the patterns of nerve supply in 13 human cadavers (20 specimens). The superior gemellus muscle (Gs) was absent in 3 specimens, but showed no accessory slip or fusion with the internal obturator muscle (Oi). The nerve to the Gs originated from the nerve to the Oi (OiN) in 7, the nerve to the quadratus femoris muscle (QfN) in 4, or both in 6 specimens. The inferior gemellus muscle (Gi) was present in all, but fused with the Oi in 3 specimens. In one specimen, an accessory muscle bundle was observed between the Gi and Oi. The Gi always received branches from the QfN at its anterior surface, but received an additional nerve supply at its posterior surface from the OiN or the pudendal nerve in one specimen each, and the accessory bundle was supplied by a branch from the OiN at its posterior surface. In a well preserved specimen, a branch to the Gi from the QfN entered the Oi and communicated with the OiN after supplying and leaving the Gi. The frequency of the dual innervation of Gs by the OiN and QfN was 29.3%, but that of the Gi and Oi could not be determined, because of the occurrence of the fused part, the accessory bundle and nerve communication. There existed some gross anatomical differences between both gemelli muscles; they are considered to be parts of the internal obturator muscle in a broad sense.
在13具人类尸体（20个标本）上，对上下孖肌的形态及神经支配模式进行了检查。3个标本中缺如上孖肌（Gs），但未发现其有副束或与闭孔内肌（Oi）融合。上孖肌的神经在7个标本中起源于闭孔内肌神经（OiN），4个标本中起源于股方肌神经（QfN），6个标本中两者均有。所有标本均有下孖肌（Gi），但3个标本中与闭孔内肌融合。在1个标本中，下孖肌与闭孔内肌之间观察到1个副肌束。下孖肌总是在其前表面接受股方肌神经的分支，但分别在1个标本中，其后表面还接受闭孔内肌神经或阴部神经的额外神经支配，且副束在其后表面接受闭孔内肌神经的1个分支支配。在1个保存良好的标本中，股方肌神经至下孖肌的1个分支进入闭孔内肌，并在支配下孖肌并离开后与闭孔内肌神经相通。上孖肌由闭孔内肌神经和股方肌神经双重支配的频率为29.3%，但下孖肌与闭孔内肌的双重支配频率因融合部分、副束及神经交通的出现而无法确定。上下孖肌存在一些大体解剖学差异；它们在广义上被认为是闭孔内肌的一部分。
