van Palenstein Helderman W, Groeneveld A, Jan Truin G, Kumar Shrestha B, Bajracharya M, Stringer R
WHO Collaborating Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Int Dent J. 1998 Feb;48(1):56-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1875-595x.1998.tb00695.x.
This paper reviews and analyses the results of epidemiological studies on periodontal diseases and dental caries in Nepal and considers the need for additional data on oral diseases for the planning of a national oral health strategy. Almost all subjects aged 12 to 19 years (68-97 per cent) and 35 to 44 years (93-100 per cent) had calculus. The various studies showed that a median 29 per cent of subjects aged 35-44 years had deep periodontal pockets. According to this estimate it can tentatively be concluded that Nepal belongs to the 15 per cent of countries in the world where periodontal conditions of the population are among the worst. An accurate DMFT-value for different age groups at present cannot be estimated due to period and sampling effects. The observed cohort effect over time suggests that caries has increased in the 12-19 years age group in Nepal in the period 1980-1996. The estimated range of DMFT-values for 12 years old children is between 0.6-1.9 and for 35 to 44 years old persons between 2.5-4.0. With these DMFT-values Nepal belongs to the countries with a 'low to very low' caries experience according to the WHO decay rating. The present epidemiological data do not justify a claim for a national oral health survey as a starting point for a national plan of oral health since more accurate data do not add additional value to that planning, particularly not in poor countries as Nepal where the oral health service is still in its infancy.
本文回顾并分析了尼泊尔牙周疾病和龋齿的流行病学研究结果，并考虑了为制定国家口腔健康战略而获取更多口腔疾病数据的必要性。几乎所有12至19岁（68%-97%）和35至44岁（93%-100%）的受试者都有牙结石。各项研究表明，35至44岁的受试者中，中位数为29%有深牙周袋。根据这一估计，可以初步得出结论，尼泊尔属于世界上15%的国家，这些国家的人口牙周状况是最差的。由于时期和抽样效应，目前无法估计不同年龄组准确的龋失补指数（DMFT）值。随着时间推移观察到的队列效应表明，1980年至1996年期间，尼泊尔12至19岁年龄组的龋齿有所增加。12岁儿童的DMFT值估计范围在0.6至1.9之间，35至44岁人群的DMFT值在2.5至4.0之间。根据世界卫生组织的龋齿评级，尼泊尔的这些DMFT值表明该国属于龋齿发病率“低至极低”的国家。目前的流行病学数据并不足以支持开展全国口腔健康调查以作为国家口腔健康计划的起点，因为更准确的数据并不会为该计划增加额外价值，尤其是在像尼泊尔这样口腔卫生服务仍处于起步阶段的贫穷国家。
