肉牛性别特异性性状的遗传参数。

Genetic parameters for sex-specific traits in beef cattle.

作者信息

Splan R K, Cundiff L V, Van Vleck L D

机构信息

Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 1998 Sep;76(9):2272-8. doi: 10.2527/1998.7692272x.

DOI:10.2527/1998.7692272x

PMID:9781482

Abstract

Data from 3,593 beef heifers and 4,079 of their steer paternal half-sibs were used to estimate genetic parameters of and among female growth and reproductive traits and male carcass traits. Estimates of heritability for adjusted 205-d weight, adjusted 365-d weight, age at puberty, calving rate, and calving difficulty measured on females were .16, .38, .47, .19, and .18, respectively; estimates for calving rate and calving difficulty were expressed on a normal scale. Estimates of heritability for hot carcass weight; retail product percentage; fat percentage; bone percentage; rib eye area; kidney, pelvic, and heart fat percentage; adjusted fat thickness; marbling score; Warner-Bratzler shear force; taste panel tenderness; taste panel juiciness; and taste panel flavor that were measured on steers at an average age of 447 d (weaning age = 185, days on feed = 262) were .50, .66, .58, .54, .61, .48, .66, .71, .26, .31, .00, and .04, respectively. Genetic correlations were positive for heifer weights with hot carcass weight, fat percentage, rib eye area, adjusted fat thickness, marbling score, and Warner-Bratzler shear force, and they were negative with retail product percentage and kidney, pelvic, and heart fat percentage of steers. Age at puberty was genetically correlated with taste panel tenderness but not with other carcass traits. Calving rate had positive genetic correlations with fat percentage, rib eye area, adjusted fat thickness, and taste panel flavor, and it had negative genetic correlations with retail product percentage; bone percentage; and kidney, pelvic, and heart fat percentage. Calving difficulty had favorable genetic correlations with hot carcass weight, retail product percentage, and measures of carcass tenderness, but it was unfavorably correlated with traits that involve carcass fatness. These results indicate that selection for some traits expressed in one sex of beef cattle may result in undesirable responses in traits expressed in the opposite sex.

摘要

利用来自3593头肉用小母牛及其4079头半同胞公牛的数据，估计了雌性生长和繁殖性状以及雄性胴体性状的遗传参数。对雌性测量的校正205日龄体重、校正365日龄体重、初情期年龄、产犊率和产犊难度的遗传力估计值分别为0.16、0.38、0.47、0.19和0.18；产犊率和产犊难度的估计值以正态尺度表示。对平均年龄447日龄（断奶年龄 = 185日龄，育肥天数 = 262日龄）公牛测量的热胴体重、零售产品百分比、脂肪百分比、骨百分比、眼肌面积、肾、盆腔和心脏脂肪百分比、校正脂肪厚度、大理石花纹评分、沃纳-布拉茨勒剪切力、品尝小组嫩度、品尝小组多汁性和品尝小组风味的遗传力估计值分别为0.50、0.66、0.58、0.54、0.61、0.48、0.66、0.71、0.26、0.31、0.00和0.04。小母牛体重与热胴体重、脂肪百分比、眼肌面积、校正脂肪厚度、大理石花纹评分和沃纳-布拉茨勒剪切力的遗传相关为正，与公牛的零售产品百分比以及肾、盆腔和心脏脂肪百分比的遗传相关为负。初情期年龄与品尝小组嫩度有遗传相关，但与其他胴体性状无遗传相关。产犊率与脂肪百分比、眼肌面积、校正脂肪厚度和品尝小组风味有正遗传相关，与零售产品百分比、骨百分比以及肾、盆腔和心脏脂肪百分比有负遗传相关。产犊难度与热胴体重、零售产品百分比和胴体嫩度指标有有利的遗传相关，但与涉及胴体脂肪度的性状有不利相关。这些结果表明，对肉牛某一性别的某些性状进行选择可能会导致另一性别所表现性状出现不良反应。