Barch D M, Carter C S
University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, PA 15213, USA.
Schizophr Res. 1998 Sep 7;33(1-2):53-61. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00064-4.
In previous work using the Stroop task to examine cognitive function in schizophrenia, we have suggested that reaction time (RT) facilitation and error interference should be more sensitive measures of cognitive function than RT interference. We examined this hypothesis in 36 DSM-IV schizophrenia and schizoaffective patients, who performed both the Stroop and the Speaking Span, a measure of verbal working memory. The results supported our hypotheses, demonstrating that RT facilitation and error interference were associated more strongly with working memory performance than RT interference. The robust correlations between these measures of selective attention and Speaking Span performance has implications for understanding the nature and selectivity of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. We present several different hypotheses that may explain this relationship, including: (1) a generalized deficit; (2) a common cognitive disturbance; and (3) a common neurobiological dysfunction.
在先前使用斯特鲁普任务来检查精神分裂症认知功能的研究中，我们曾提出，反应时促进和错误干扰比反应时干扰应是更敏感的认知功能测量指标。我们在36名符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）的精神分裂症和分裂情感性障碍患者中检验了这一假设，这些患者同时完成了斯特鲁普任务和言语工作记忆测量指标——言语广度任务。结果支持了我们的假设，表明反应时促进和错误干扰与工作记忆表现的关联比反应时干扰更强。这些选择性注意测量指标与言语广度任务表现之间的稳健相关性，对于理解精神分裂症认知功能障碍的本质和选择性具有重要意义。我们提出了几个不同的假设来解释这种关系，包括：（1）普遍缺陷；（2）共同的认知障碍；以及（3）共同的神经生物学功能障碍。
