Obisesan T O, Toth M J, Ades P A, Poehlman E T
Department of Internal Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20060, USA.
Exp Gerontol. 1997 Nov-Dec;32(6):643-51. doi: 10.1016/s0531-5565(97)00052-1.
We determined the contribution of body fat distribution, peak VO2, fat mass, and dietary intake to variation in plasma lipids in elderly individuals. Volunteers were a healthy cohort of older Caucasian women (n = 75, mean age +/- SD, 72 +/- 5 years) and older men (n = 101, 72 +/- 5 years). We determined fat mass from underwater weighing, fat patterning from waist circumference, as well as peripheral and truncal skinfolds, exercise capacity from peak VO2, and dietary intake from three-day food diaries. Plasma lipid levels were measured in the fasting state and included total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and fasting triglycerides. Older women weighted less than older men, but had higher fat mass, truncal, and peripheral skinfolds. Waist circumference and peak VO2 were lower in older women than older men. Older women had higher total cholesterol (217 +/- 31 vs. 197 +/- 30; p < 0.01), HDL-C (54 +/- 12 vs. 49 +/- 14; p < 0.05), and LDL-C (133 +/- 26 vs. 121 +/- 27; p < 0.01) when compared with older men. No gender differences were noted in fasting triglycerides. Truncal skinfolds were the best predictor of plasma lipids in older men, accounting for between 9% and 30% (r2) of the variation in plasma lipids. Similarly, in older women, central markers of fatness (i.e., waist circumference and truncal skinfolds) were the best predictors of plasma lipids (r2 = 3% to 24%). Total fat mass, peak VO2 and dietary intake were not independent predictors of plasma lipids in older men and women. Indices of central body fatness, rather than total fat mass, peak VO2 or dietary intake are stronger predictors of plasma lipids in healthy older men and women.
我们确定了体脂分布、峰值摄氧量、脂肪量和饮食摄入对老年个体血浆脂质变化的影响。志愿者是一组健康的老年白种女性（n = 75，平均年龄±标准差，72±5岁）和老年男性（n = 101，72±5岁）。我们通过水下称重确定脂肪量，通过腰围以及外周和躯干皮褶厚度确定脂肪分布模式，通过峰值摄氧量确定运动能力，并通过三天的食物日记确定饮食摄入。在空腹状态下测量血浆脂质水平，包括总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）和空腹甘油三酯。老年女性的体重低于老年男性，但脂肪量、躯干和外周皮褶厚度更高。老年女性的腰围和峰值摄氧量低于老年男性。与老年男性相比，老年女性的总胆固醇（217±31 vs. 197±30；p < 0.01）、HDL-C（54±12 vs. 49±14；p < 0.05）和LDL-C（133±26 vs. 121±27；p < 0.01）更高。空腹甘油三酯未发现性别差异。躯干皮褶厚度是老年男性血浆脂质的最佳预测指标，占血浆脂质变化的9%至30%（r2）。同样，在老年女性中，肥胖的中心指标（即腰围和躯干皮褶厚度）是血浆脂质的最佳预测指标（r2 = 3%至24%）。总脂肪量、峰值摄氧量和饮食摄入不是老年男性和女性血浆脂质的独立预测指标。中心性肥胖指标，而非总脂肪量、峰值摄氧量或饮食摄入，是健康老年男性和女性血浆脂质的更强预测指标。
