Cosgrove M
Department of Child Health, Singleton Hospital, Swansea, UK.
Nutrition. 1998 Oct;14(10):748-51. doi: 10.1016/s0899-9007(98)00075-6.
Nucleotides (NT) are ubiquitous intracellular compounds of crucial importance to cellular function and metabolism. Much recent interest has focused on NT as components of the non-protein nitrogen fraction of human milk. NT supplementation of infant formula has now been introduced in several countries. Biological effects of NT have been reported in several fields. Dietary NT have been shown to have important effects on several components of the immune system: they may enhance intestinal absorption of iron; they affect lipoprotein and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism; they may alter intestinal flora; and they have been demonstrated to have trophic effects on the intestinal mucosa and liver in several experimental situations. Clinical studies have shown NT supplementation of infant formula reduces the incidence of diarrheal episodes among socioeconomically deprived infants, and enhances catch-up growth in infants born small for gestational age. Further work will continue to try to identify other clinical situations in which NT may have a beneficial role.
核苷酸（NT）是细胞内普遍存在的化合物，对细胞功能和代谢至关重要。最近，人们对NT作为人乳中非蛋白质氮成分的关注度很高。现在，几个国家已开始在婴儿配方奶粉中添加NT。NT在多个领域都有生物学效应的报道。膳食NT已被证明对免疫系统的多个组成部分有重要影响：它们可能会增强铁的肠道吸收；影响脂蛋白和长链多不饱和脂肪酸代谢；可能改变肠道菌群；并且在几种实验情况下已证明它们对肠黏膜和肝脏有营养作用。临床研究表明，在婴儿配方奶粉中添加NT可降低社会经济条件较差婴儿的腹泻发病率，并促进小于胎龄儿的追赶生长。进一步的研究将继续尝试确定NT可能发挥有益作用的其他临床情况。
