药物在头发中的掺入：头发颜色和黑色素浓度与苯环己哌啶掺入的关系。
The incorporation of drugs into hair: relationship of hair color and melanin concentration to phencyclidine incorporation.
作者信息
Slawson M H, Wilkins D G, Rollins D E
机构信息
Center for Human Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112-9457, USA.
出版信息
J Anal Toxicol. 1998 Oct;22(6):406-13. doi: 10.1093/jat/22.6.406.
Rodents with different hair pigmentation patterns were studied to evaluate the role of melanin in the incorporation of phencyclidine (PCP) into hair. There are two types of melanin in hair and other tissues: eumelanin, a brown-black pigment and pheomelanin, a reddish-yellow pigment. Sprague Dawley (SD; nonpigmented), Dark Agouti (DA; brown), Copenhagen (CP; brown hooded), Long Evans (LE; black hooded), and LBNF1 (deep brown) rats and Swiss-Webster (SW; nonpigmented), C57BL6 (black), and C57BL6 Ay/a (yellow) mice were administered PCP at 10 mg/kg/day for 5 days (n = 5 for each strain). Hair was collected either 14 (rats) or 35 (mice) days (mice) after beginning drug administration and analyzed for PCP, eumelanin, and pheomelanin. PCP concentrations in ng/mg (mean +/- SEM) were as follows: SD, 0.46 +/- 0.13; DA, 12.25 +/- 1.24; CP nonpigmented, 0.12 +/- 0.004; CP pigmented, 9.16 +/- 2.8; LE nonpigmented, 0.66 +/- 0.07; LE pigmented, 21.2 +/- 1.4; LBNF1, 21.64 +/- 3.8; SW, 0.48 +/- 0.36; C57 black, 11.0 +/- 4.03; and C57 yellow, 2.26 +/- 0.55. Eumelanin concentrations in microg/mg (mean +/- SEM) were as follows: DA, 20.50 +/- 1.58; CP pigmented, 19.43 +/- 0.40; LE pigmented, 17.56 +/- 0.61; LBNF1, 27.26 +/- 2.52; C57 black, 37.33 +/- 3.61; and C57 yellow, 1.76 +/- 0.02. Eumelanin was not detected in nonpigmented hair. Pheomelanin concentrations in microg/mg (mean +/- SEM) were as follows: DA, 0.09 +/- 0.00; CP pigmented, 0.20 +/- 0.03; LBNF1, 0.06 +/- 0.01; C57 black, 0.16 +/- 0.05; and C57 yellow, 29.16 +/- 0.97. Pheomelanin was not detected in nonpigmented or LE pigmented hair. These data demonstrate that PCP is incorporated into black hair to a greater extent than yellow or nonpigmented hair. There appears to be a linear relationship between the PCP concentration in hair and the ratio of eumelanin to pheomelanin. Our data suggest that despite variations in PCP concentration because of hair color, they may be normalized by using the ratio of eumelanin to pheomelanin rather than hair weight.
研究了具有不同毛发色素沉着模式的啮齿动物，以评估黑色素在苯环利定（PCP）掺入毛发中的作用。毛发和其他组织中有两种黑色素：真黑素，一种棕黑色色素；以及褐黑素，一种红黄色色素。给斯普拉格·道利（SD；无色素）、深色刺豚鼠（DA；棕色）、哥本哈根（CP；棕色带帽）、长 Evans（LE；黑色带帽）和 LBNF1（深棕色）大鼠以及瑞士 Webster（SW；无色素）、C57BL6（黑色）和 C57BL6 Ay/a（黄色）小鼠按 10 mg/kg/天的剂量给予 PCP，持续 5 天（每个品系 n = 5）。在开始给药后 14 天（大鼠）或 35 天（小鼠）收集毛发，并分析其中的 PCP、真黑素和褐黑素。PCP 浓度（ng/mg，平均值±标准误）如下：SD，0.46±0.13；DA，12.25±1.24；CP 无色素，0.12±0.004；CP 有色素，9.16±2.8；LE 无色素，0.66±0.07；LE 有色素，21.2±1.4；LBNF1，21.64±3.8；SW，0.48±0.36；C57 黑色，11.0±4.03；以及 C57 黄色，2.26±0.55。真黑素浓度（μg/mg，平均值±标准误）如下：DA，20.50±1.58；CP 有色素，19.43±0.40；LE 有色素，17.56±0.61；LBNF1，27.26±2.52；C57 黑色，37.33±3.61；以及 C57 黄色，1.76±0.02。在无色素毛发中未检测到真黑素。褐黑素浓度（μg/mg，平均值±标准误）如下：DA，0.09±0.00；CP 有色素，0.20±0.03；LBNF1，0.06±0.01；C57 黑色，0.16±0.05；以及 C57 黄色，29.16±0.97。在无色素或 LE 有色素的毛发中未检测到褐黑素。这些数据表明，PCP 掺入黑色毛发的程度高于黄色或无色素毛发。毛发中 PCP 浓度与真黑素与褐黑素的比例之间似乎存在线性关系。我们的数据表明，尽管由于毛发颜色导致 PCP 浓度存在差异，但通过使用真黑素与褐黑素的比例而非毛发重量，这些差异可能会被归一化。
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