Ekdahl K, Mårtensson A, Kamme C
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Lund, Sweden.
Scand J Infect Dis. 1998;30(3):257-62. doi: 10.1080/00365549850160891.
In a survey of pneumococcal blood isolates from patients in Southern Sweden, 560 isolates were found between 1981 and 1996. Between these years, the incidence of pneumococcal bacteraemia increased from 5.2 to 15.2/100,000/y. The eight most common serogroups/types (14, 7, 9, 6, 23, 3, 4 and 19) accounted for > 75% of the isolates, and 96.4% of the isolates were of serogroups/types represented in the present vaccine. A male preponderance (1.17:1) was noted, and the men were younger than the women (mean 57 vs 63 y of age; p < 0.05). The overall case-fatality rate during the period was 19%. Seven isolates with reduced susceptibility to penicillin were noted, all from 1991 to 1996. The increasing incidence of pneumococcal bacteraemia could not be explained by any of the following factors; age or sex of the patients, changes in prevailing serogroups/types, variations in vaccine use, emergence of penicillin-resistance, more liberal indications for blood cultures or improved culture methods.
在一项对瑞典南部患者肺炎球菌血液分离株的调查中，1981年至1996年间共发现560株分离株。在这些年里，肺炎球菌菌血症的发病率从5.2/10万/年增至15.2/10万/年。最常见的8个血清群/型（14、7、9、6、23、3、4和19）占分离株的75%以上，且96.4%的分离株属于现有疫苗中的血清群/型。发现男性居多（1.17:1），且男性比女性年轻（平均年龄分别为57岁和63岁；p<0.05）。该期间的总体病死率为19%。发现7株对青霉素敏感性降低的分离株，均来自1991年至1996年。肺炎球菌菌血症发病率上升无法用以下任何因素解释：患者的年龄或性别、流行血清群/型的变化、疫苗使用的差异、青霉素耐药性的出现、血培养指征放宽或培养方法改进。
