Bliss L S, Guilford A M, Tikofsky R S
J Speech Hear Res. 1976 Sep;19(3):551-60. doi: 10.1044/jshr.1903.551.
Adult aphasics completed a sentence evaluation and revision task to test some aspects of their linguistic competence. Grammatical and ungrammatical sentences served as the stimuli. Ungrammatical sentences were characterized by violations of syntactic or semantic structure, or both. Aphasics evaluated correctly the grammaticality of most stimulus sentences. Incorrect evaluations were associated with sentences characterized by violations of syntactic structure. Aphasics' revisions of sentences that they judged to be ungrammatical were in the direction of appropriate grammatical structures. Omission of morphological endings was the most frequent sentence revision error. Aphasics' errors on both tasks could be accounted for by performance deficits such as inattentiveness to syntactic detail, auditory perceptual impairments, and inefficient lexical retrieval. These findings lend support to the argument that aphasia is best characterized as a performance rather than competence disruption.
成年失语症患者完成了一项句子评估和修订任务，以测试其语言能力的某些方面。语法正确和不正确的句子作为刺激材料。不符合语法的句子的特点是违反了句法或语义结构，或两者皆有。失语症患者正确评估了大多数刺激句子的语法性。不正确的评估与违反句法结构的句子有关。失语症患者对他们判断为不符合语法的句子的修订朝着适当的语法结构方向进行。形态词尾的省略是最常见的句子修订错误。失语症患者在这两项任务上的错误可以用诸如对句法细节不注意、听觉感知障碍和词汇检索效率低下等表现缺陷来解释。这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即失语症最恰当的特征是表现而非能力的破坏。
