Ashley K, Mapp K J, Millson M
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1998 Oct;59(10):671-9. doi: 10.1080/15428119891010848.
An on-site, field-portable analytical method for the determination of lead in workplace air samples, based on the use of ultrasonic extraction and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV), was evaluated. Workplace air samples were obtained using a standard method involving particulate collection onto mixed cellulose ester membrane filters. Samples were collected at work sites where airborne particulates were generated from the abrasive blasting of lead-containing paint on highway bridges. Ultrasonic extraction (UE) of air filter samples in diluted nitric acid, followed by portable ASV, was used for the determination of lead. Also, performance evaluation samples consisting of reference materials of known lead concentration were subjected to the UE-ASV procedure for lead determination. Confirmatory analyses of the air filters and performance evaluation samples subjected to the UE-ASV lead measurement method were conducted by hotplate digestion in concentrated nitric acid and 30% hydrogen peroxide, followed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometric (ICP-AES) determination of lead. Recoveries of lead from performance evaluation materials (when using the UE-ASV method) were found to be quantitative. The performance of the UE-ASV method for lead in air filters was found to be acceptable, as evaluated by comparison with results from hotplate strong acid digestion followed by ICP-AES analysis. Based on the results of this study, the ultrasonic extraction/portable ASV procedure demonstrates potential for the on-site determination of lead in personal breathing zone and area air samples.
评估了一种基于超声萃取和阳极溶出伏安法（ASV）的现场便携式分析方法，用于测定工作场所空气样品中的铅。使用一种标准方法采集工作场所空气样品，该方法包括将颗粒物收集到混合纤维素酯膜滤器上。样品采集于公路桥梁上含铅油漆喷砂作业产生空气传播颗粒物的工作现场。采用在稀硝酸中对空气滤器样品进行超声萃取（UE），随后进行便携式ASV测定铅。此外，将已知铅浓度的标准物质组成的性能评估样品进行UE-ASV铅测定程序。对采用UE-ASV铅测量方法的空气滤器和性能评估样品进行确证分析时，先在浓硝酸和30%过氧化氢中进行热板消解，然后采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定铅。发现（使用UE-ASV方法时）从性能评估材料中回收铅是定量的。通过与热板强酸消解后进行ICP-AES分析的结果进行比较评估，发现UE-ASV方法测定空气滤器中铅的性能是可接受的。基于本研究结果，超声萃取/便携式ASV程序显示出在现场测定个人呼吸区和区域空气样品中铅的潜力。
