Ashley K, Wise T J, Mercado W, Parry D B
US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
J Hazard Mater. 2001 May 7;83(1-2):41-50. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3894(00)00326-5.
Dust wipe samples were subjected to ultrasonic extraction (UE) in diluted nitric acid, and then analyzed for lead content using field-portable anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). Recoveries of lead were determined from wipe materials which were spiked with certified reference materials (CRMs) containing known quantities of lead. Four different wipe materials and four different CRMs were tested, with and without filtration of aliquots of sample extract through 0.45 microm hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene filters. The CRMs consisted of paint, soil, particulate, and dust matrices. Wipe materials were chosen from those which have been found to meet the performance aspects of an ASTM standard specification. UE/ASV experiments were carried out in accordance with newly published ASTM procedures for on-site extraction and electroanalysis. Recoveries were found to vary for different wipe materials and CRMs. For several CRMs, quantitative (80--120%) recoveries for UE/ASV were observed for one wipe material whether filtration was used or not, while other wipe materials required filtration for quantitative recovery. In the case of one wipe material which contained detergents, quantitative recoveries could not be achieved whether filtration was used or not. The total analysis time for a sample set of 6--12 samples was 60--90 min, including extraction time and sample manipulation. The results of this work have provided information on the choice of wipe materials that can be used for quantitative lead measurements by UE/ASV in materials that are representative of sources of lead in surface dust.
将灰尘擦拭样本置于稀硝酸中进行超声萃取（UE），然后使用现场便携式阳极溶出伏安法（ASV）分析铅含量。通过向含有已知铅含量的标准参考物质（CRM）的擦拭材料中加标来测定铅的回收率。测试了四种不同的擦拭材料和四种不同的CRM，样本提取物的等分试样有的经过0.45微米亲水性聚四氟乙烯滤膜过滤，有的未经过滤。CRM包括油漆、土壤、颗粒和灰尘基质。擦拭材料选自那些已被发现符合ASTM标准规范性能要求的材料。UE/ASV实验按照新发布的ASTM现场萃取和电分析程序进行。发现不同擦拭材料和CRM的回收率各不相同。对于几种CRM，一种擦拭材料无论是否使用过滤，UE/ASV的回收率均为定量（80%-120%），而其他擦拭材料则需要过滤才能实现定量回收。对于一种含有洗涤剂的擦拭材料，无论是否使用过滤都无法实现定量回收。一组6-12个样本的总分析时间为60-90分钟，包括萃取时间和样本处理时间。这项工作的结果提供了有关擦拭材料选择的信息，这些擦拭材料可用于通过UE/ASV对代表地表灰尘中铅源的材料进行铅的定量测量。
