Correia M J
Departments of Otolaryngology and Physiology and Biophysics, University of Texas Medical School at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 1998 Nov;28(1-2):61-5. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0173(98)00043-5.
While there have been few documented permanent neurological changes resulting from space travel, there is a growing literature which suggests that neural plasticity sometimes occurs within peripheral and central vestibular pathways during and following spaceflight. This plasticity probably has adaptive value within the context of the space environment, but it can be maladaptive upon return to the terrestrial environment. Fortunately, the maladaptive responses resulting from neuronal plasticity diminish following return to earth. However, the literature suggests that the longer the space travel, the more difficult the readaptation. With the possibility of extended space voyages and extended stays on board the international space station, it seems worthwhile to review examples of plastic vestibular responses and changes in the underlying neural substrates. Studies and facilities needed for space station investigation of plastic changes in the neural substrates are suggested.
虽然很少有文献记载太空旅行会导致永久性神经变化，但越来越多的文献表明，在太空飞行期间及之后，外周和中枢前庭通路有时会出现神经可塑性。这种可塑性在太空环境中可能具有适应性价值，但返回地球环境后可能会产生适应不良。幸运的是，神经元可塑性导致的适应不良反应在返回地球后会减弱。然而，文献表明太空旅行时间越长，重新适应就越困难。鉴于有可能进行长时间的太空航行以及在国际空间站上长时间停留，回顾一下可塑性前庭反应及潜在神经基质变化的例子似乎是值得的。文中还提出了在空间站对神经基质可塑性变化进行研究所需的研究和设施。
