Ilgin N
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.
Q J Nucl Med. 1998 Sep;42(3):179-92.
PET and SPECT enable the direct measurement of components of the dopaminergic and other systems in the living human brain and offer unique opportunity for the in vivo quantification of the dopaminergic function in PD and other movement disorders. The need to establish the early and differential diagnosis of PD is increasingly important given the recent evidence that early pharmacologic intervention may slow progression of this progressive degenerative disease. Accordingly, imaging with PET and SPECT using specific neuromarkers has been increasingly important to biochemically identify the loss of specific neurotransmitters, their synthesizing enzymes and their receptors in movement disorders. Through the parallel development of new radiotracers, kinetic models and better instruments, PET and SPECT technology is enabling investigation of increasingly more complex aspects of the human brain neurotransmitter systems. This paper summarizes the results of different PET-SPECT studies used to evaluate the various elements of the dopamine system in the human brain with PET and intends to introduce the newly emerging specific tracers and their applications to clinical research in movement disorders.
正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）能够直接测量活体人脑中多巴胺能系统及其他系统的组成部分，为体内定量帕金森病（PD）和其他运动障碍中的多巴胺能功能提供了独特的机会。鉴于最近有证据表明早期药物干预可能会减缓这种进行性退行性疾病的进展，因此建立PD的早期和鉴别诊断变得越来越重要。相应地，使用特定神经标志物的PET和SPECT成像对于在生物化学上识别运动障碍中特定神经递质、其合成酶及其受体的丧失越来越重要。通过新放射性示踪剂、动力学模型和更好仪器的并行发展，PET和SPECT技术正在使人们能够研究人脑神经递质系统越来越复杂的方面。本文总结了不同的PET-SPECT研究结果，这些研究用于通过PET评估人脑多巴胺系统的各种元素，并打算介绍新出现的特定示踪剂及其在运动障碍临床研究中的应用。
