一项关于学龄前儿童加强免疫接种缺失风险因素的回顾性队列研究。
A retrospective cohort study of risk factors for missing preschool booster immunisation.
作者信息
Evans M R, Thomas D R
机构信息
Bro Taf Health Authority, Cathays Park, Cardiff, UK.
出版信息
Arch Dis Child. 1998 Aug;79(2):141-4. doi: 10.1136/adc.79.2.141.
AIM
To identify factors associated with non-uptake of preschool booster immunisation.
DESIGN
Data from the computerised child health system was used to study all children born in 1990 and living in South Glamorgan, Wales, on their 5th birthday. Factors associated with preschool booster uptake were investigated using multiple logistic regression.
RESULTS
Preschool booster coverage in the study cohort was 91.4%. After adjustment for other variables, uptake was associated most strongly with completed primary immunisation for diphtheria, tetanus, and polio vaccine or first dose measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. Identifying children who miss either of these predicts 52.4% of those who miss the preschool booster.
CONCLUSION
Effective targeting of children who have missed previous immunisations could improve preschool booster uptake and ensure maximum uptake of at least one dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. Achieving optimum measles vaccine coverage is vital to achieve the goal of measles elimination.
目的
确定与未接种学龄前加强免疫相关的因素。
设计
利用计算机化儿童健康系统的数据，对1990年出生且居住在威尔士南格拉摩根郡的所有儿童在其5岁生日时的情况进行研究。采用多元逻辑回归分析与学龄前加强免疫接种相关的因素。
结果
研究队列中学龄前加强免疫的覆盖率为91.4%。在对其他变量进行调整后，接种情况与白喉、破伤风和脊髓灰质炎疫苗的全程基础免疫或首剂麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗的接种情况关联最为密切。识别错过上述任何一种疫苗接种的儿童，可预测出52.4%错过学龄前加强免疫的儿童。
结论
对之前未接种疫苗的儿童进行有效定位，可提高学龄前加强免疫的接种率，并确保至少一剂麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗的最大接种率。实现最佳麻疹疫苗覆盖率对于实现消除麻疹的目标至关重要。
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