Riedinger J L, Robbins L J
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; and Division of Geriatrics, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver 80220, USA.
Clin Geriatr Med. 1998 Nov;14(4):681-98.
Adverse drug reactions and nosocomial infections are two important aspects of iatrogenesis in hospitalized older adults. Adverse drug reactions are related to changes in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics that occur with aging as well as polypharmacy. Strategies for limiting iatrogenesis due to medications are discussed. Nosocomial infections continue to complicate older inpatients' care despite advances in understanding and treating institutional infections. In particular, urinary tract infections, nosocomial pneumonias, and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea are potentially preventable.
药物不良反应和医院感染是老年住院患者医源性疾病的两个重要方面。药物不良反应与衰老过程中发生的药效学和药代动力学变化以及多重用药有关。本文讨论了限制药物引起的医源性疾病的策略。尽管在医院感染的认识和治疗方面取得了进展，但医院感染仍然使老年住院患者的护理复杂化。特别是，尿路感染、医院获得性肺炎和艰难梭菌相关性腹泻是有可能预防的。
