Stewart S H, Pihl R O, Conrod P J, Dongier M
Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, Life Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Addict Behav. 1998 Nov-Dec;23(6):797-812. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4603(98)00070-7.
This review article presents several potential functional pathways which may explain the frequent co-occurrence of PTSD and substance abuse disorders in traumatized individuals. Emerging empirical studies which have examined these potential pathways are reviewed, including studies on relative order of onset, PTSD patients' perceptions of various drug effects, comparisons of PTSD patients with and without comorbid substance use disorders, and correlational studies examining the relations between severity of specific PTSD symptom clusters and substance disorder symptoms. Research on the acute and chronic effects of alcohol and other drugs on cognitive and physiological variables relevant to PTSD intrusion and arousal symptoms is reviewed to highlight ways in which these two sets of PTSD symptoms might be functionally interrelated with substance abuse. Finally, based on these findings, recommendations are made for the treatment of individuals with comorbid PTSD-substance use disorders.
这篇综述文章介绍了几种潜在的功能途径，这些途径或许可以解释创伤个体中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与物质使用障碍频繁并发的现象。本文回顾了针对这些潜在途径的新实证研究，包括关于发病相对顺序的研究、PTSD患者对各种药物效果的认知、有和没有共病物质使用障碍的PTSD患者的比较，以及考察特定PTSD症状群严重程度与物质使用障碍症状之间关系的相关性研究。本文还回顾了酒精和其他药物对与PTSD侵入性和唤醒症状相关的认知及生理变量的急性和慢性影响的研究，以突出这两组PTSD症状可能在功能上与物质滥用相互关联的方式。最后，基于这些研究结果，针对患有PTSD-物质使用障碍共病的个体的治疗提出了建议。
