Higaki H, Murakami T, Nakanishi Y, Miura H, Mawatari T, Iwamoto Y
Department of Intelligent Machinery and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Hakozaki Fukuoka, Japan.
Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 1998;212(5):337-46. doi: 10.1243/0954411981534114.
Two kinds of friction tests were conducted to investigate the lubricating effect of the injection of amphiphilies on the osteoarthritic joint. The effects of the addition of L alpha-dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl-choline (L alpha-DPPC) riposomes and gamma-globulin in a saline solution of sodium hyaluronate (HA) were evaluated through pendulum friction tests. The frictional characteristics of pig shoulder joints were confirmed to depend on the viscosity of the lubricants only in the physiologically low load condition and in the condition immediately after loading. Detergent (polyoxyethylene p-t-octylphenyl ether) was successfully used to remove adsorbed films from the articular surfaces. The friction coefficient of natural synovial joints was significantly increased in a mode of mixed lubrication with the HA solution of 0.2 g/dl by the treatment of the surface with the detergent. The addition of L alpha-DPPC riposomes or gamma-globulin significantly improved the boundary lubricating ability of the articular surfaces treated with the detergent, depending on the quantity of those additives. It appears that the L alpha-DPPC riposomes and gamma-globulin can form protective films on the articular surfaces like a biomembrane. Moreover, the reciprocating frictional behaviour in sliding pairs of pig articular cartilages and glass plates was studied in order to elucidate the tribological role of those constituents in the boundary lubricating film on the articular surface. Pig synovial fluid and water solutions of HA were used as lubricants. The synovial fluid had superior lubricating ability compared to the HA solution of equivalent viscosity under a physiologically high load condition. This fact seems to be responsible for the boundary lubricating ability of constituents other than hyaluronic acid. Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of L alpha-DPPC on the glass plate were kept at a low and stable friction coefficient, depending on the number of film layers. In conditions of mixed films with L alpha-DPPC and gamma-globulin, the frictional behaviour was improved by increasing the quantity of gamma-globulin. A model is proposed in which the effective adsorbed films are composed of proteins, phospholipids and other conjugated constituents on the articular surfaces to be accurate in describing the boundary lubricating mechanism. The mechanism is controlled by hydrophobic groups in those amphiphilies.
进行了两种摩擦试验，以研究两亲性物质注射对骨关节炎关节的润滑效果。通过摆式摩擦试验评估了在透明质酸钠（HA）盐溶液中添加L-α-二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱（L-α-DPPC）脂质体和γ-球蛋白的效果。已证实猪肩关节的摩擦特性仅在生理低负荷条件下以及加载后立即的条件下取决于润滑剂的粘度。去污剂（聚氧乙烯对辛基苯基醚）成功用于去除关节表面的吸附膜。通过用去污剂处理表面，天然滑膜关节的摩擦系数在与0.2 g/dl的HA溶液混合润滑模式下显著增加。添加L-α-DPPC脂质体或γ-球蛋白显著提高了用去污剂处理的关节表面的边界润滑能力，这取决于这些添加剂的量。看来L-α-DPPC脂质体和γ-球蛋白可以像生物膜一样在关节表面形成保护膜。此外，研究了猪关节软骨与玻璃板滑动副中的往复摩擦行为，以阐明这些成分在关节表面边界润滑膜中的摩擦学作用。猪滑液和HA水溶液用作润滑剂。在生理高负荷条件下，滑液比具有相同粘度的HA溶液具有更好的润滑能力。这一事实似乎是除透明质酸之外的成分具有边界润滑能力的原因。玻璃板上L-α-DPPC的朗缪尔-布洛杰特（LB）膜保持低且稳定的摩擦系数，这取决于膜层数。在L-α-DPPC和γ-球蛋白混合膜的条件下，通过增加γ-球蛋白的量，摩擦行为得到改善。提出了一个模型，其中有效吸附膜由关节表面上的蛋白质、磷脂和其他共轭成分组成，以便准确描述边界润滑机制。该机制由这些两亲性物质中的疏水基团控制。
