Steiner M
Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Psychopharmacol Bull. 1998;34(3):301-6.
Psychiatric disorders associated with childbearing are traditionally divided into three categories that reflect severity: postpartum blues, postpartum depression, and postpartum psychosis. It is estimated that while more than 80 percent of women may experience some fluctuations in mood in either the antepartum period or postpartum, only 10 to 20 percent may meet DSM-IV criteria for major depression and 0.1 to 0.2 percent will show signs of psychosis. Pregnancy and childbirth have an enormous combined psychological and physiological effect on a woman's body; a causal link between hormonal changes and changes in mood has been suggested. The evidence (or lack of) for a biological component of postpartum mood disorders is briefly reviewed. Assessment and treatment of antepartum and postpartum mood fluctuations is further discussed with emphasis on more education, recognition, and if possible, prevention of these disorders.
与生育相关的精神障碍传统上分为三类，以反映其严重程度：产后情绪低落、产后抑郁症和产后精神病。据估计，虽然超过80%的女性在产前或产后可能会经历情绪的一些波动，但只有10%至20%的女性可能符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版中重度抑郁症的标准，而0.1%至0.2%的女性会出现精神病症状。怀孕和分娩对女性身体有巨大的心理和生理综合影响；有人提出激素变化与情绪变化之间存在因果联系。本文简要回顾了产后情绪障碍生物学成分的证据（或缺乏证据的情况）。进一步讨论了产前和产后情绪波动的评估和治疗，重点是加强教育、提高认识，并尽可能预防这些障碍。
