Pérez Rodríguez A E, Monté Boada R, de la Vega Díaz J E, Molina R, García Gómez V, Arca González J M
Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí.
Rev Cubana Med Trop. 1996;48(3):204-8.
Taking to consideration the low report of cholera patients and with the main knowing the reality about the introduction of Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) in Peru, a sample of 101 cases with acute diarrheal disease (ADD) was taken at the Distrito Villa El Salvador. They were selected by a systematic randomized sampling defined for each health care unit in the District, according to the daily average occurrence of ADD cases attended a week before the beginning of the study. All of them took part in a epidemiological survey. A sample was taken by rectal swab in order to isolate V. cholerae. 53 positive cases were found (52.2% and a confidence interval from 42.29 to 62.5%) with significant differences (p < 0.01) between the frequency in adults (67.3%) and children (34.8%). V. cholerae was isolated only in 13 (61.9%) of the 21 cases who had contact with cholera patients, for a relative risk of 1.24 (0.83 < RR < 1.85). A high positivity was also found, 21 cases (72.4%) among those who had raw food. A significant difference (p < 0.01) was observed in connection with those who had cooked food. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis it was only found a significant relationship with age and with the ingestion of raw food as regards the occurrence of cholera.
考虑到霍乱患者报告数量较少，且主要是了解霍乱弧菌传入秘鲁的实际情况，在萨尔瓦多维拉区选取了101例急性腹泻病（ADD）病例作为样本。这些病例是根据研究开始前一周各医疗单位诊治的ADD病例日均发生情况，通过为该地区每个医疗单位定义的系统随机抽样选取的。所有病例都参与了一项流行病学调查。通过直肠拭子取样以分离霍乱弧菌。共发现53例阳性病例（52.2%，置信区间为42.29%至62.5%），成人（67.3%）和儿童（34.8%）的感染频率存在显著差异（p<0.01）。在21例与霍乱患者有接触的病例中，仅13例（61.9%）分离出霍乱弧菌，相对风险为1.24（0.83<RR<1.85）。在食用生食的人群中也发现了较高的阳性率，有21例（72.4%）。在食用熟食的人群中观察到显著差异（p<0.01）。在多因素逻辑回归分析中，仅发现年龄以及生食摄入与霍乱发生存在显著关联。
