[Maintenance treatment with high-dose buprenorphine: are the recommendations being followed?].

Since February 1996, high-dose buprenorphine has been approved for use in the treatment of opioid dependence. In addition, recommendations concerning indications, patient selection, prescribing information and patient delivery have been addressed to doctors and pharmacists. Between its date of approval for use and late 1996, the medical service of French National Health Insurance followed 149 illicit drug users who received high-dose buprenorphine. They all lived in the Vosges 'département' and were affiliated with French Social Security Health Insurance. In general, the recommendations (consultation with a specialist, psychosocial follow-up and dosage schedules) were not followed by prescribing physicians. Concomitant prescriptions with psychotropic drugs, mainly benzodiazepines, were frequently encountered. This raises considerable concern since there have been recent reports of lethal intoxications with high-dose buprenorphine.