De Vries H, Mudde A N, Dijkstra A, Willemsen M C
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200MD, The Netherlands.
Prev Med. 1998 Sep-Oct;27(5 Pt 1):681-9. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1998.0344.
The ASE model, an integration of social psychological models, states that motivational phases and the transition from one phase to another can be predicted by behavioral determinants. The goal of the present study was to replicate the so-called O pattern that was found in earlier Dutch studies.
In four cross-sectional studies (N = 918, N = 354, N = 225, N = 317), smokers filled in a questionnaire based on the ASE model, while the motivational phase question was based on the stage definitions from the Transtheoretical model.
Precontemplating smokers perceived fewer advantages of quitting than contemplators. Precontemplators encountered less support for quitting than contemplators. Contemplators reported lower self-efficacy expectations than those in preparation, while this group had lower self-efficacy expectations than respondents in action. Ex-smokers in maintenance reported fewer disadvantages of quitting than those in action.
Since changes in cognitive determinants are thought to mediate transitions in motivational phases, the results can be used to tailor health education messages to the needs of smokers in the various motivational phases. The results suggest that smokers in precontemplation would benefit most from information about the pros of quitting and from obtaining support for quitting. Smokers in contemplation and preparation may benefit most from self-efficacy-enhancing information.
ASE模型是社会心理模型的整合，该模型指出动机阶段以及从一个阶段到另一个阶段的转变可以由行为决定因素预测。本研究的目的是复制早期荷兰研究中发现的所谓O型模式。
在四项横断面研究中（N = 918、N = 354、N = 225、N = 317），吸烟者填写了基于ASE模型的问卷，而动机阶段问题基于跨理论模型的阶段定义。
未考虑戒烟的吸烟者比考虑戒烟的吸烟者察觉到的戒烟益处更少。未考虑戒烟的吸烟者比考虑戒烟的吸烟者获得的戒烟支持更少。考虑戒烟者报告的自我效能期望低于准备戒烟者，而这一组的自我效能期望又低于正在戒烟的受访者。维持戒烟状态的前吸烟者报告的戒烟弊端比正在戒烟者更少。
由于认知决定因素的变化被认为介导了动机阶段的转变，因此这些结果可用于根据不同动机阶段吸烟者的需求调整健康教育信息。结果表明，未考虑戒烟的吸烟者从了解戒烟益处及获得戒烟支持的信息中获益最大。考虑戒烟和准备戒烟的吸烟者可能从增强自我效能的信息中获益最大。
