Klinkenberg Elisabeth F, Fransen Mirjam P, de Kort Wim L A M, Huis In 't Veld Elisabeth M J, van Weert Julia C M
Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Vox Sang. 2021 May;116(5):513-523. doi: 10.1111/vox.13029. Epub 2020 Nov 7.
Many Western countries face a shortage of African blood donors, while their specific blood groups are needed to transfuse chronic transfusion patients of similar ethnic background. Blood donation awareness and attitudes greatly impact the decision to become a blood donor, but how they are related and differ across ethnic groups is understudied. This study investigated blood donation awareness and attitudes of individuals of Dutch and African descent in the Netherlands.
Survey data of 257 African and 152 Dutch non-donors measuring donation awareness (i.e. being familiar with the Dutch blood bank organization and knowing others who donated blood), cognitive (evaluative judgements) and affective (emotional reactions) attitudes were included. t-Tests, chi-square tests, linear and logistic regressions were conducted to study differences and associations between donation awareness and attitudes.
African individuals were less often aware of the Dutch blood bank organization (43%; p < 0·05) or others who donated blood (51%; p < 0·05) than Dutch individuals (55% and 68%, respectively). African individuals had lower cognitive donation attitudes compared with Dutch individuals (p < 0·001), but no differences were found for affective attitudes (p = 0·55). High donation awareness was associated with higher cognitive (p < 0·001) and affective (p < 0·05) donation attitudes among African minorities, but not among Dutch individuals.
The lower donation awareness and cognitive attitudes of African minorities should be taken into consideration in donor recruitment. Raising awareness through effective communication strategies might be essential in the donor decision making process of this target group.
许多西方国家面临非洲裔献血者短缺的问题，而慢性输血患者中有类似种族背景的患者需要输注特定血型的血液。献血意识和态度对成为献血者的决定有很大影响，但不同种族群体之间它们是如何关联和存在差异的，这方面的研究较少。本研究调查了荷兰荷兰裔和非洲裔个体的献血意识和态度。
纳入了257名非洲裔和152名荷兰裔非献血者的调查数据，这些数据测量了献血意识（即熟悉荷兰血库组织并认识其他献血者）、认知（评价性判断）和情感（情绪反应）态度。进行了t检验、卡方检验、线性和逻辑回归分析，以研究献血意识和态度之间的差异及关联。
与荷兰裔个体（分别为55%和68%）相比，非洲裔个体对荷兰血库组织（43%；p<0.05）或其他献血者（51%；p<0.05）的知晓率更低。与荷兰裔个体相比，非洲裔个体的认知献血态度更低（p<0.001），但情感态度没有差异（p=0.55）。在非洲少数族裔中，高献血意识与更高的认知（p<0.001）和情感（p<0.05）献血态度相关，但在荷兰裔个体中并非如此。
在招募献血者时应考虑到非洲少数族裔较低的献血意识和认知态度。通过有效的沟通策略提高意识在该目标群体的献血决策过程中可能至关重要。
