Cundiff L V, Gregory K E, Koch R M
Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1998 Oct;76(10):2528-35. doi: 10.2527/1998.76102528x.
Gestation length, unassisted calving percentage, perinatal mortality, calf crop weaned (survival from birth to weaning), birth weight, and 200-d weaning weight of 2,597 calves born and 2,433 calves weaned are reported for F1 crosses resulting from matings of Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Gelbvieh, Pinzgauer, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires to Angus and Hereford dams (> or = 3 yr of age) in Cycle IV of the Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center. Hereford and Angus sires included 1) reference sires born from 1963 to 1971 used in previous cycles of the GPE Program, 2) sires born from 1982 to 1985 (1980s), and 3) sires born from 1983 to 1985 used in natural service clean-up matings. Effects of sire breed of calf were significant for gestation length, unassisted calving percentage, birth weight, and 200-d weaning weight. Gestation length was significantly longer for Nellore than for Charolais, Galloway, Longhorn, Piedmontese, and Salers, which were in turn longer than for Hereford-Angus and Shorthorn. Rankings for birth weight tended to be inversely related to those for calving ease, except for Shorthorn and Salers sires, which required low assistance relative to their heavy birth weights. Rankings for 200-d weight among AI-sired progeny were as follows: Charolais (231.3), Nellore (229.7), Salers (225.5), Shorthorn (223.8), 1980s Hereford-Angus (223.1), Piedmontese (220.0), Galloway (209.5), reference Hereford-Angus (210.1), and Longhorn (199.0); differences > or = 6.5 kg were significant.
美国肉类动物研究中心种质评估（GPE）项目第四周期中，报告了安格斯、海福特、夏洛莱、吉尔维耶、平茨高尔、短角牛、加洛韦、长角牛、婆罗门牛、皮埃蒙特牛和萨勒斯公牛与3岁及以上安格斯和海福特母牛交配所产F1代杂交后代的2597头出生犊牛和2433头断奶犊牛的妊娠期长度、顺产率、围产期死亡率、断奶犊牛数量（从出生到断奶的存活数）、出生体重以及200日龄断奶体重。海福特和安格斯公牛包括：1）1963年至1971年出生的参考公牛，用于GPE项目的前几个周期；2）1982年至1985年出生的公牛（20世纪80年代）；3）1983年至1985年用于自然交配清理配种的公牛。犊牛的父本品种对妊娠期长度、顺产率、出生体重和200日龄断奶体重有显著影响。婆罗门牛的妊娠期长度显著长于夏洛莱、加洛韦、长角牛、皮埃蒙特牛和萨勒斯牛，而后几种牛又长于海福特-安格斯牛和短角牛。出生体重的排名往往与产犊难易程度的排名呈负相关，但短角牛和萨勒斯公牛除外，相对于它们较重的出生体重，这两种公牛所需的助产较少。人工授精后代的200日龄体重排名如下：夏洛莱牛（231.3千克）、婆罗门牛（229.7千克）、萨勒斯牛（225.5千克）、短角牛（223.8千克）、20世纪80年代海福特-安格斯牛（223.1千克）、皮埃蒙特牛（220.0千克）、加洛韦牛（209.5千克）、参考海福特-安格斯牛（210.1千克）和长角牛（199.0千克）；差异≥6.5千克具有显著性。
