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肉牛种质评估——第四轮:断奶后小母牛的生长与青春期

Germplasm evaluation in beef cattle--Cycle IV: postweaning growth and puberty of heifers.

作者信息

Thallman R M, Cundiff L V, Gregory K E, Koch R M

机构信息

US Department of Agriculture, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 1999 Oct;77(10):2651-9. doi: 10.2527/1999.77102651x.

DOI:10.2527/1999.77102651x
PMID:10521024
Abstract

Postweaning growth, puberty, and pregnancy traits were evaluated for 783 F1 heifers sired by Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers bulls and out of Angus and Hereford dams in Cycle IV of the Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center. The Hereford and Angus sires included a sample of bulls born from 1982 to 1985 (1980s HA) as well as reference sires born from 1963 to 1970 (REF HA) used in previous cycles of the GPE program. Breed group of sire had a significant (P<.01) effect on age and weight at puberty, on 200-, 400-, and 550-d weights, on ADG from 200 to 400 and from 400 to 550 d, and 550-d hip height, but it did not influence (P<.05) pregnancy rate. Mean age and weight at puberty were predicted from the cumulative distribution because of censoring of data in each tail of the distribution. Sire breed group rankings (and predicted means in days) for age at puberty were as follows: Piedmontese (332), Shorthorn (338), Charolais (348), REF HA (348), Galloway (351), 1980s HA (352), Salers (355), Longhorn (357), and Nellore (405). Sire breed group rankings (and predicted means in kilograms) for weight at puberty were Longhorn (283), Piedmontese (298), Galloway (305), REF HA (309), Shorthorn (329), 1980s HA (330), Salers (338), Nellore (341), and Charolais (345). Sire breed group rankings (and least squares means in kilograms) for 200-d weight were Charolais (229), Salers (225), Nellore (221), Shorthorn (220), Piedmontese (215), 1980s HA (215), Galloway (209), REF HA (206), and Longhorn (197), with differences >8.3 kg significant. Rankings for 400-d weight (kilograms) were Charolais (390), Shorthorn (384), Salers (380), 1980s HA (374), Nellore (364), REF HA (356), Piedmontese (353), Galloway (348), and Longhorn (321), with differences >11.5 kg significant. Rankings for 550-d weight (kilograms) were Charolais (445), Salers (430), Shorthorn (429), 80's HA (422), Nellore (420), Piedmontese (401), REF HA (398), Galloway (389), and Longhorn (371), with differences >11.7 kg significant. Rankings for 550-d hip height (centimeters) were Nellore (132.2), Charolais (131.9), Salers (129.9), Shorthorn (129.5), Piedmontese (126.7), 1980s HA (126.1), Longhorn (125.3), Galloway (121.7), and REF HA (121.5), with differences >1.35 cm significant. Breed of sire had significant effects on growth and puberty traits of heifers.

摘要

在美国肉类动物研究中心种质评估(GPE)计划的第四周期,对783头由安格斯、赫里福德、夏洛莱、短角牛、加洛韦、长角牛、内洛尔、皮埃蒙特和萨勒斯公牛所生、安格斯和赫里福德母牛所育的F1代小母牛的断奶后生长、青春期和繁殖性状进行了评估。赫里福德和安格斯公牛包括1982年至1985年出生的公牛样本(20世纪80年代的HA)以及GPE计划前几个周期使用的1963年至1970年出生的参考公牛(REF HA)。父本品种组对青春期的年龄和体重、200日龄、400日龄和550日龄体重、200至400日龄和400至550日龄的平均日增重以及550日龄臀高有显著(P<0.01)影响,但对妊娠率没有影响(P<0.05)。由于分布两端的数据被截尾,因此根据累积分布预测了青春期的平均年龄和体重。父本品种组在青春期年龄方面的排名(以及以天数表示的预测均值)如下:皮埃蒙特(332天)、短角牛(338天)、夏洛莱(348天)、REF HA(348天)、加洛韦(351天)、20世纪80年代的HA(352天)、萨勒斯(355天)、长角牛(357天)和内洛尔(405天)。父本品种组在青春期体重方面的排名(以及以千克表示的预测均值)为:长角牛(283千克)、皮埃蒙特(298千克)、加洛韦(305千克)、REF HA(309千克)、短角牛(329千克)、20世纪80年代的HA(330千克)、萨勒斯(338千克)、内洛尔(341千克)和夏洛莱(345千克)。父本品种组在200日龄体重方面的排名(以及以千克表示的最小二乘均值)为:夏洛莱(229千克)、萨勒斯(225千克)、内洛尔(221千克)、短角牛(220千克)、皮埃蒙特(215千克)、20世纪80年代的HA(215千克)、加洛韦(209千克)、REF HA(206千克)和长角牛(197千克),差异>8.3千克显著。400日龄体重(千克)的排名为:夏洛莱(390千克)、短角牛(384千克)、萨勒斯(380千克)、20世纪80年代的HA(374千克)、内洛尔(364千克)、REF HA(356千克)、皮埃蒙特(353千克)、加洛韦(348千克)和长角牛(321千克),差异>11.5千克显著。550日龄体重(千克)的排名为:夏洛莱(445千克)、萨勒斯(430千克)、短角牛(429千克)、80年代的HA(422千克)、内洛尔(420千克)、皮埃蒙特(401千克)、REF HA(398千克)、加洛韦(389千克)和长角牛(371千克),差异>11.7千克显著。550日龄臀高(厘米)的排名为:内洛尔(132.2厘米)、夏洛莱(131.9厘米)、萨勒斯(129.9厘米)、短角牛(129.5厘米)、皮埃蒙特(126.7厘米)、20世纪80年代的HA(126.1厘米)、长角牛(125.3厘米)、加洛韦(121.7厘米)和REF HA(121.5厘米),差异>1.35厘米显著。父本品种对小母牛的生长和青春期性状有显著影响。

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